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Write the ellipse equation in standard form given its foci are at (2,0) and (-2,0) and its latus rectum is 6.

Mathematics

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2 parts
a

x216+y212=1\frac{x^2}{16} + \frac{y^2}{12} = 1

b

(13,12)\left(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{2}\right)

1

Step-by-step solution

11 steps

Part a· 5 steps

Write the ellipse equation in standard form.

  1. Identify the center and value of cc.

    The foci are F1(2,0)F_1(2,0) and F2(−2,0)F_2(-2,0).
    The center of the ellipse is the midpoint of the foci:

    Center=(2+(−2)2,0+02)=(0,0)\text{Center} = \left(\frac{2 + (-2)}{2}, \frac{0 + 0}{2}\right) = (0,0)

    The distance from the center to each focus is cc.

    c=2c = 2

    Since the foci are on the x-axis, the major axis is horizontal. The standard form of the ellipse is x2a2+y2b2=1\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1.

  2. Use the latus rectum formula.

    The latus rectum L=6L = 6. The formula for the latus rectum is L=2b2aL = \frac{2b^2}{a}.

    6=2b2a6 = \frac{2b^2}{a} 3a=b2(1)3a = b^2 \quad (1)
  3. Use the relationship between $a, b, c$.

    For an ellipse, c2=a2−b2c^2 = a^2 - b^2.
    Substitute c=2c=2:

    22=a2−b22^2 = a^2 - b^2 4=a2−b2(2)4 = a^2 - b^2 \quad (2)
  4. Solve the system of equations for a2a^2 and b2b^2.

    Substitute equation (1) into equation (2):

    4=a2−3a4 = a^2 - 3a

    Rearrange into a quadratic equation:

    a2−3a−4=0a^2 - 3a - 4 = 0

    Factor the quadratic equation:

    (a−4)(a+1)=0(a-4)(a+1) = 0

    Since aa must be positive, a=4a=4.
    Now find b2b^2 using equation (1):

    b2=3a=3(4)=12b^2 = 3a = 3(4) = 12

    And a2=42=16a^2 = 4^2 = 16.

  5. Write the equation of the ellipse.

    Substitute a2=16a^2 = 16 and b2=12b^2 = 12 into the standard form:

    x216+y212=1\frac{x^2}{16} + \frac{y^2}{12} = 1

    The equation of the ellipse in standard form is x216+y212=1\boxed{\frac{x^2}{16} + \frac{y^2}{12} = 1}.

Part b

(13,12)\left(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{2}\right)

Find the centre and radius of the circle: 36x2+36y2−24x−36y−23=036x^2 + 36y^2 - 24x - 36y - 23 = 0 using completing of the square method.

  1. Divide the entire equation by 36 to make the coefficients of x2x^2 and y2y^2 equal to 1.

    36x236+36y236−24x36−36y36−2336=0\frac{36x^2}{36} + \frac{36y^2}{36} - \frac{24x}{36} - \frac{36y}{36} - \frac{23}{36} = 0 x2+y2−23x−y−2336=0x^2 + y^2 - \frac{2}{3}x - y - \frac{23}{36} = 0
  2. Group the xx terms and yy terms, and move the constant term to the right side.

    (x2−23x)+(y2−y)=2336\left(x^2 - \frac{2}{3}x\right) + (y^2 - y) = \frac{23}{36}
  3. Complete the square for the xx terms and yy terms.

    For the xx terms: Take half of the coefficient of xx (−23-\frac{2}{3}), which is −13-\frac{1}{3}, and square it: (−13)2=19\left(-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{9}.
    For the yy terms: Take half of the coefficient of yy (−1-1), which is −12-\frac{1}{2}, and square it: (−12)2=14\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{4}.

  4. Add these values to both sides of the equation.

    (x2−23x+19)+(y2−y+14)=2336+19+14\left(x^2 - \frac{2}{3}x + \frac{1}{9}\right) + \left(y^2 - y + \frac{1}{4}\right) = \frac{23}{36} + \frac{1}{9} + \frac{1}{4}
  5. Rewrite the left side as squared terms and simplify the right side.

    (x−13)2+(y−12)2=2336+436+936\left(x - \frac{1}{3}\right)^2 + \left(y - \frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{23}{36} + \frac{4}{36} + \frac{9}{36} (x−13)2+(y−12)2=23+4+936\left(x - \frac{1}{3}\right)^2 + \left(y - \frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{23 + 4 + 9}{36} (x−13)2+(y−12)2=3636\left(x - \frac{1}{3}\right)^2 + \left(y - \frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{36}{36} (x−13)2+(y−12)2=1\left(x - \frac{1}{3}\right)^2 + \left(y - \frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = 1
  6. Identify the center and radius from the standard form of a circle (x−h)2+(y−k)2=r2(x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2.

    The center (h,k)(h,k) is (13,12)\left(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{2}\right).
    The radius squared r2=1r^2 = 1, so the radius r=1=1r = \sqrt{1} = 1.

    The center of the circle is (13,12)\boxed{\left(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} and the radius is 1\boxed{1}.

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