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Solve the following equations: A) 4^(2x2+x−6) = 1, B) (x2−3x+1)6 = 1, C) (x2-3x+1)^(2x2+x−6) = 1

Mathematics

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4 steps
  1. Solve equation A.

    Equation A is 4(2x2+x−6)=14^{(2x^2+x-6)} = 1.
    For an equation of the form ab=1a^b = 1, if a≠1a \neq 1 and a≠−1a \neq -1, then the exponent bb must be 0.
    Here, the base is 4, so we set the exponent to 0:

    2x2+x−6=02x^2+x-6 = 0

    We can solve this quadratic equation by factoring. We look for two numbers that multiply to 2×(−6)=−122 \times (-6) = -12 and add to 1. These numbers are 4 and −3-3.

    2x2+4x−3x−6=02x^2+4x-3x-6 = 0 2x(x+2)−3(x+2)=02x(x+2)-3(x+2) = 0 (2x−3)(x+2)=0(2x-3)(x+2) = 0

    Setting each factor to zero:

    2x−3=0  ⟹  2x=3  ⟹  x=322x-3 = 0 \implies 2x = 3 \implies x = \frac{3}{2} x+2=0  ⟹  x=−2x+2 = 0 \implies x = -2

    a) Solutions for equation A:

    x=32,−2x = \frac{3}{2}, -2
  2. Solve equation B.

    Equation B is (x2−3x+1)6=1(x^2-3x+1)^6 = 1.
    For an equation of the form BE=1B^E = 1, where EE is an even integer (here E=6E=6), the base BB can be 1 or −1-1.

    Case 1: The base is 1.

    x2−3x+1=1x^2-3x+1 = 1 x2−3x=0x^2-3x = 0 x(x−3)=0x(x-3) = 0

    This gives x=0x=0 or x=3x=3.

    Case 2: The base is −1-1.

    x2−3x+1=−1x^2-3x+1 = -1 x2−3x+2=0x^2-3x+2 = 0

    Factoring the quadratic:

    (x−1)(x−2)=0(x-1)(x-2) = 0

    This gives x=1x=1 or x=2x=2.

    b) Solutions for equation B:

    x=0,1,2,3x = 0, 1, 2, 3
  3. Solve equation C.

    Equation C is (x2−3x+1)(2x2+x−6)=1(x^2-3x+1)^{(2x^2+x-6)} = 1.
    Let the base be B=x2−3x+1B = x^2-3x+1 and the exponent be E=2x2+x−6E = 2x^2+x-6.
    We need to solve BE=1B^E = 1. There are three cases:

    Case 1: The exponent is 0, provided the base is not 0.

    E=2x2+x−6=0E = 2x^2+x-6 = 0

    From Step 1, the solutions are x=32x = \frac{3}{2} and x=−2x = -2.
    We check the base BB for these values:
    For x=32x = \frac{3}{2}: B=(32)2−3(32)+1=94−92+1=9−18+44=−54B = \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2 - 3\left(\frac{3}{2}\right) + 1 = \frac{9}{4} - \frac{9}{2} + 1 = \frac{9-18+4}{4} = -\frac{5}{4}. Since B≠0B \neq 0, x=32x = \frac{3}{2} is a solution.
    For x=−2x = -2: B=(−2)2−3(−2)+1=4+6+1=11B = (-2)^2 - 3(-2) + 1 = 4 + 6 + 1 = 11. Since B≠0B \neq 0, x=−2x = -2 is a solution.

    Case 2: The base is 1.

    B=x2−3x+1=1B = x^2-3x+1 = 1

    From Step 2, the solutions are x=0x = 0 and x=3x = 3.
    For these values, 1E=11^E = 1 holds for any real exponent EE. So, x=0x=0 and x=3x=3 are solutions.

    Case 3: The base is −1-1, and the exponent is an even integer.

    B=x2−3x+1=−1B = x^2-3x+1 = -1

    From Step 2, the solutions are x=1x = 1 and x=2x = 2.
    We check if the exponent EE is even for these values:
    For x=1x = 1: E=2(1)2+(1)−6=2+1−6=−3E = 2(1)^2 + (1) - 6 = 2 + 1 - 6 = -3. Since −3-3 is an odd integer, x=1x=1 is not a solution.
    For x=2x = 2: E=2(2)2+(2)−6=8+2−6=4E = 2(2)^2 + (2) - 6 = 8 + 2 - 6 = 4. Since 4 is an even integer, x=2x=2 is a solution.

    Combining all valid solutions from the three cases:

    x=−2,0,32,2,3x = -2, 0, \frac{3}{2}, 2, 3

    c) Solutions for equation C:

    x=−2,0,32,2,3x = -2, 0, \frac{3}{2}, 2, 3
  4. State how many values of x satisfy each equation.

    a) Equation A:
    From Step 1, there are 2 solutions: x=32,−2x = \frac{3}{2}, -2.
    Number of values: 2\boxed{\text{2}}

    b) Equation B:
    From Step 2, there are 4 solutions: x=0,1,2,3x = 0, 1, 2, 3.
    Number of values: 4\boxed{\text{4}}

    c) Equation C:
    From Step 3, there are 5 solutions: x=−2,0,32,2,3x = -2, 0, \frac{3}{2}, 2, 3.
    Number of values: 5\boxed{\text{5}}

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