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Solve for x; 11. Use logarithms table to evaluate rac86.4 imes 0.410.013

Mathematics

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10. Solve for xx

a) 3x−5=93^{x-5} = 9

  1. Express both sides with the same base.

    3x−5=323^{x-5} = 3^2
  2. Equate the exponents.

    x−5=2x-5 = 2
  3. Solve for xx.

    x=2+5x = 2+5 x=7x = 7

    The value of xx is 7\boxed{7}.

    b) 2x−1=82x+32^{x-1} = 8^{2x+3}

  4. Express both sides with the same base.

    2x−1=(23)2x+32^{x-1} = (2^3)^{2x+3}
  5. Apply the power rule (am)n=amn(a^m)^n = a^{mn}.

    2x−1=23(2x+3)2^{x-1} = 2^{3(2x+3)} 2x−1=26x+92^{x-1} = 2^{6x+9}
  6. Equate the exponents.

    x−1=6x+9x-1 = 6x+9
  7. Solve for xx.

    x−6x=9+1x - 6x = 9 + 1 −5x=10-5x = 10 x=10−5x = \frac{10}{-5} x=−2x = -2

    The value of xx is −2\boxed{-2}.

    11. Use logarithms table to evaluate 86.4×0.410.013\frac{86.4 \times 0.41}{0.013}
    Let N=86.4×0.410.013N = \frac{86.4 \times 0.41}{0.013}.

  8. Take the logarithm of both sides.

    log⁡N=log⁡(86.4×0.410.013)\log N = \log \left(\frac{86.4 \times 0.41}{0.013}\right)
  9. Apply logarithm properties log⁡(ab)=log⁡a+log⁡b\log(ab) = \log a + \log b and log⁡(ab)=log⁡a−log⁡b\log(\frac{a}{b}) = \log a - \log b.

    log⁡N=log⁡86.4+log⁡0.41−log⁡0.013\log N = \log 86.4 + \log 0.41 - \log 0.013
  10. Find the logarithms of each number (using a calculator as a proxy for a log table).

    log⁡86.4=1.9365\log 86.4 = 1.9365 log⁡0.41=1‾.6128(which is −1+0.6128)\log 0.41 = \overline{1}.6128 \quad (\text{which is } -1 + 0.6128) log⁡0.013=2‾.1139(which is −2+0.1139)\log 0.013 = \overline{2}.1139 \quad (\text{which is } -2 + 0.1139)
  11. Perform the addition and subtraction.

    log⁡N=1.9365+(1‾.6128)−(2‾.1139)\log N = 1.9365 + (\overline{1}.6128) - (\overline{2}.1139) log⁡N=1.9365−1+0.6128−(−2+0.1139)\log N = 1.9365 - 1 + 0.6128 - (-2 + 0.1139) log⁡N=1.9365−1+0.6128+2−0.1139\log N = 1.9365 - 1 + 0.6128 + 2 - 0.1139 log⁡N=(1−1+2)+(0.9365+0.6128−0.1139)\log N = (1 - 1 + 2) + (0.9365 + 0.6128 - 0.1139) log⁡N=2+1.4354\log N = 2 + 1.4354 log⁡N=3.4354\log N = 3.4354
  12. Find the antilogarithm of 3.4354.

    N=antilog(3.4354)N = \text{antilog}(3.4354) N=103.4354N = 10^{3.4354} N≈2725N \approx 2725

    The evaluated value is 2725\boxed{2725}.

    12. Evaluate the following logarithms

    a) 3‾.892×2\overline{3}.892 \times 2

  13. Rewrite the logarithmic expression using its characteristic and mantissa.

    3‾.892×2=(−3+0.892)×2\overline{3}.892 \times 2 = (-3 + 0.892) \times 2
  14. Distribute the multiplication.

    =(−3×2)+(0.892×2)= (-3 \times 2) + (0.892 \times 2) =−6+1.784= -6 + 1.784
  15. Convert back to characteristic/mantissa form.

    =−6+1+0.784= -6 + 1 + 0.784 =−5+0.784= -5 + 0.784 =5‾.784= \overline{5}.784

    The evaluated logarithm is 5‾.784\boxed{\overline{5}.784}.

    b) 2‾.106÷2\overline{2}.106 \div 2

  16. Rewrite the logarithmic expression using its characteristic and mantissa.

    2‾.106÷2=(−2+0.106)÷2\overline{2}.106 \div 2 = (-2 + 0.106) \div 2
  17. Distribute the division.

    =−22+0.1062= \frac{-2}{2} + \frac{0.106}{2} =−1+0.053= -1 + 0.053
  18. Convert back to characteristic/mantissa form.

    =1‾.053= \overline{1}.053

    The evaluated logarithm is 1‾.053\boxed{\overline{1}.053}.

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