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Prove the given geometry problems. Problem 1: In ABC, AE=EB and EF||BC. In ACD, FG||CD. Prove AG=GD. Problem 2: In DEF, DS=SE, EU=UF, and ST||EF. Prove STUE is a parallelogram.

Mathematics

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Answer

AG=GDAG = GD

STUE is a parallelogram\text{STUE is a parallelogram}

Step-by-step solution

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Here are the solutions to your geometry problems.

:
Given:

  1. In △ABC\triangle ABC, AE=EBAE = EB and EF∥BCEF \parallel BC.
  2. In △ACD\triangle ACD, FG∥CDFG \parallel CD. Prove: AG=GDAG = GD.
  1. Analyze △ABC\triangle ABC.

    We are given that AE=EBAE = EB, which means EE is the midpoint of side ABAB.
    We are also given that EF∥BCEF \parallel BC.
    By the converse of the Midpoint Theorem (also known as Thales's Theorem or Basic Proportionality Theorem), if a line parallel to one side of a triangle passes through the midpoint of another side, then it bisects the third side.
    Therefore, FF must be the midpoint of side ACAC. This implies AF=FCAF = FC.

  2. Analyze △ACD\triangle ACD.

    From Step 1, we established that FF is the midpoint of side ACAC.
    We are given that FG∥CDFG \parallel CD.
    Applying the converse of the Midpoint Theorem to △ACD\triangle ACD:
    Since FG∥CDFG \parallel CD and FF is the midpoint of ACAC, then GG must be the midpoint of side ADAD.
    Therefore, AG=GDAG = GD.

    This completes the proof.

    AG=GD\boxed{AG = GD}

    :
    Given:
    In △DEF\triangle DEF, DS=SEDS = SE, EU=UFEU = UF, and ST∥EFST \parallel EF.
    Prove: STUESTUE is a parallelogram.

  3. Analyze △DEF\triangle DEF using the given information about SS.

    We are given that DS=SEDS = SE, which means SS is the midpoint of side DEDE.
    We are also given that ST∥EFST \parallel EF.
    By the converse of the Midpoint Theorem, if a line parallel to one side of a triangle passes through the midpoint of another side, then it bisects the third side.
    Therefore, TT must be the midpoint of side DFDF.

  4. Apply the Midpoint Theorem to △DEF\triangle DEF.

    Since SS is the midpoint of DEDE and TT is the midpoint of DFDF, by the Midpoint Theorem, the segment connecting the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side and is half the length of the third side.
    So, ST=12EFST = \frac{1}{2} EF.

  5. Use the given information about UU.

    We are given that EU=UFEU = UF, which means UU is the midpoint of side EFEF.
    Therefore, EU=12EFEU = \frac{1}{2} EF.

  6. Compare STST and EUEU.

    From Step 2, ST=12EFST = \frac{1}{2} EF.
    From Step 3, EU=12EFEU = \frac{1}{2} EF.
    Thus, ST=EUST = EU.

  7. Establish parallelism.

    We are given that ST∥EFST \parallel EF.
    Since UU lies on EFEF, it follows that ST∥EUST \parallel EU.

  8. Conclude that STUESTUE is a parallelogram.

    We have shown that in quadrilateral STUESTUE, one pair of opposite sides (STST and EUEU) are both parallel (ST∥EUST \parallel EU) and equal in length (ST=EUST = EU).
    A quadrilateral with one pair of opposite sides that are both parallel and equal in length is a parallelogram.
    Therefore, STUESTUE is a parallelogram.

    This completes the proof.

    STUE is a parallelogram\boxed{\text{STUE is a parallelogram}}
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