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Given vectors a = 2i − 3j + k and b = -3i + j - 2k, find the magnitude of 2a - 3b.

Mathematics

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Answer

314\sqrt{314}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

We are given two vectors:
a⃗=2i⃗−3j⃗+k⃗\vec{a} = 2\vec{i} - 3\vec{j} + \vec{k}
b⃗=−3i⃗+j⃗−2k⃗\vec{b} = -3\vec{i} + \vec{j} - 2\vec{k}

We need to find the magnitude of 2a⃗−3b⃗2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b}.

  1. Calculate 2a⃗2\vec{a}.

    Multiply each component of a⃗\vec{a} by 2:

    2a⃗=2(2i⃗−3j⃗+k⃗)2\vec{a} = 2(2\vec{i} - 3\vec{j} + \vec{k}) 2a⃗=4i⃗−6j⃗+2k⃗2\vec{a} = 4\vec{i} - 6\vec{j} + 2\vec{k}
  2. Calculate 3b⃗3\vec{b}.

    Multiply each component of b⃗\vec{b} by 3:

    3b⃗=3(−3i⃗+j⃗−2k⃗)3\vec{b} = 3(-3\vec{i} + \vec{j} - 2\vec{k}) 3b⃗=−9i⃗+3j⃗−6k⃗3\vec{b} = -9\vec{i} + 3\vec{j} - 6\vec{k}
  3. Calculate 2a⃗−3b⃗2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b}.

    Subtract the components of 3b⃗3\vec{b} from the corresponding components of 2a⃗2\vec{a}:

    2a⃗−3b⃗=(4i⃗−6j⃗+2k⃗)−(−9i⃗+3j⃗−6k⃗)2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b} = (4\vec{i} - 6\vec{j} + 2\vec{k}) - (-9\vec{i} + 3\vec{j} - 6\vec{k}) 2a⃗−3b⃗=(4−(−9))i⃗+(−6−3)j⃗+(2−(−6))k⃗2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b} = (4 - (-9))\vec{i} + (-6 - 3)\vec{j} + (2 - (-6))\vec{k} 2a⃗−3b⃗=(4+9)i⃗+(−6−3)j⃗+(2+6)k⃗2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b} = (4 + 9)\vec{i} + (-6 - 3)\vec{j} + (2 + 6)\vec{k} 2a⃗−3b⃗=13i⃗−9j⃗+8k⃗2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b} = 13\vec{i} - 9\vec{j} + 8\vec{k}
  4. Find the magnitude of 2a⃗−3b⃗2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b}.

    For a vector V=xi⃗+yj⃗+zk⃗V = x\vec{i} + y\vec{j} + z\vec{k}, its magnitude is given by ∣V∣=x2+y2+z2|V| = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}.
    Let V=2a⃗−3b⃗=13i⃗−9j⃗+8k⃗V = 2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b} = 13\vec{i} - 9\vec{j} + 8\vec{k}.

    ∣2a⃗−3b⃗∣=(13)2+(−9)2+(8)2|2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b}| = \sqrt{(13)^2 + (-9)^2 + (8)^2} ∣2a⃗−3b⃗∣=169+81+64|2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b}| = \sqrt{169 + 81 + 64} ∣2a⃗−3b⃗∣=314|2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b}| = \sqrt{314}

    The magnitude of 2a⃗−3b⃗2\vec{a} - 3\vec{b} is 314\boxed{\sqrt{314}}.

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