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I) Define derivatives of a function from first principle. ii) Find the derivatives of f(x) = 3x2 − 5x from first principle.

Mathematics

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Answer

ii

6x - 5

Graph of f(x) = 3x² − 5x

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Key points of f(x) = 3x² − 5x
Pointxy
x-intercept00
Minimum0.83−2.08
x-intercept1.670

Step-by-step solution

2 steps

let's tackle question 4.d.

d has two parts:

Part i

Define derivatives of a function from first principle.

Part ii6x - 5

Find the derivatives of f(x)=3x2−5xf(x) = 3x^2 - 5x from first principle.

  1. Define derivatives of a function from first principle.

    The derivative of a function f(x)f(x) with respect to xx, denoted as f′(x)f'(x) or dydx\frac{dy}{dx}, is defined as the limit of the average rate of change of the function as the change in xx approaches zero. It represents the instantaneous rate of change of the function at a given point.
    The formula for the derivative from first principles is:

    f′(x)=lim⁡h→0f(x+h)−f(x)hf'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h}
  2. Find the derivatives of f(x)=3x2−5xf(x) = 3x^2 - 5x from first principle.

    Given f(x)=3x2−5xf(x) = 3x^2 - 5x.

    First, find f(x+h)f(x+h):

    f(x+h)=3(x+h)2−5(x+h)f(x+h) = 3(x+h)^2 - 5(x+h)

    Expand (x+h)2(x+h)^2:

    f(x+h)=3(x2+2xh+h2)−5x−5hf(x+h) = 3(x^2 + 2xh + h^2) - 5x - 5h f(x+h)=3x2+6xh+3h2−5x−5hf(x+h) = 3x^2 + 6xh + 3h^2 - 5x - 5h

    Next, find f(x+h)−f(x)f(x+h) - f(x):

    f(x+h)−f(x)=(3x2+6xh+3h2−5x−5h)−(3x2−5x)f(x+h) - f(x) = (3x^2 + 6xh + 3h^2 - 5x - 5h) - (3x^2 - 5x) f(x+h)−f(x)=3x2+6xh+3h2−5x−5h−3x2+5xf(x+h) - f(x) = 3x^2 + 6xh + 3h^2 - 5x - 5h - 3x^2 + 5x

    Cancel out terms:

    f(x+h)−f(x)=6xh+3h2−5hf(x+h) - f(x) = 6xh + 3h^2 - 5h

    Now, divide by hh:

    f(x+h)−f(x)h=6xh+3h2−5hh\frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h} = \frac{6xh + 3h^2 - 5h}{h}

    Factor out hh from the numerator:

    h(6x+3h−5)h\frac{h(6x + 3h - 5)}{h}

    Cancel hh (since h≠0h \neq 0 as h→0h \to 0):

    6x+3h−56x + 3h - 5

    Finally, take the limit as h→0h \to 0:

    f′(x)=lim⁡h→0(6x+3h−5)f'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} (6x + 3h - 5)

    Substitute h=0h=0:

    f′(x)=6x+3(0)−5f'(x) = 6x + 3(0) - 5 f′(x)=6x−5f'(x) = 6x - 5

    The derivative of f(x)=3x2−5xf(x) = 3x^2 - 5x from first principle is 6x−5\boxed{6x - 5}.

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