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In the diagram, PQ and RS are straight lines. What is the value of y? In the diagram, KL is a straight line. What is the size of angle x? What is the size of angle x in the diagram?

Mathematics

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Answers

3 parts
a

30\text{30}

b

35∘\text{35}^\circ

c

70∘\text{70}^\circ

Step-by-step solution

9 steps

Here are the solutions for the geometry problems:

Part a· 3 steps

The diagram shows two straight lines PQ and RS intersecting. The angles (2y+25)∘(2y + 25)^\circ and (3y−5)∘(3y - 5)^\circ are vertically opposite angles. Vertically opposite angles are equal.

  1. Set the expressions for the vertically opposite angles equal to each other.

    2y+25=3y−52y + 25 = 3y - 5
  2. Solve for yy.

    Subtract 2y2y from both sides.

    25=y−525 = y - 5
  3. Add 5 to both sides.

    25+5=y25 + 5 = y y=30y = 30

    The value of yy is 30\boxed{\text{30}}.

Part b

35∘\text{35}^\circ

The diagram shows a straight line KL. There is a right angle indicated, and an angle of 55∘55^\circ. These angles form part of a right-angled triangle. The angle x∘x^\circ is vertically opposite to one of the angles in this right-angled triangle.

  1. Identify the angles in the small right-angled triangle at the top.

    One angle is 90∘90^\circ (indicated by the square symbol), and another is 55∘55^\circ. The third angle in this triangle is 180∘−90∘−55∘180^\circ - 90^\circ - 55^\circ.

    180∘−90∘−55∘=35∘180^\circ - 90^\circ - 55^\circ = 35^\circ
  2. The angle x∘x^\circ is vertically opposite to this 35∘35^\circ angle.

    Vertically opposite angles are equal.

    x=35x = 35

    The size of angle xx is 35∘\boxed{\text{35}^\circ}.

Part c

70∘\text{70}^\circ

The diagram shows a triangle with angles x∘x^\circ, 80∘80^\circ, and an exterior angle of 30∘30^\circ. The angle 80∘80^\circ is an interior angle of the triangle. The angle x∘x^\circ is also an interior angle. The 30∘30^\circ angle is an exterior angle to the triangle at the third vertex. The exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two opposite interior angles.

  1. Identify the relationship between the angles.

    The exterior angle 30∘30^\circ is equal to the sum of the two opposite interior angles, x∘x^\circ and 80∘80^\circ.

    30∘=x∘+80∘30^\circ = x^\circ + 80^\circ
  2. Solve for xx.

    Subtract 80∘80^\circ from both sides.

    x∘=30∘−80∘x^\circ = 30^\circ - 80^\circ x∘=−50∘x^\circ = -50^\circ

    This result is not possible for an angle in a standard geometric context. Let's re-interpret the diagram.

    Alternative Interpretation for c):
    It is more likely that the 30∘30^\circ angle is an interior angle of the triangle, and the 80∘80^\circ angle is an exterior angle. Or, the 80∘80^\circ is an interior angle, and the 30∘30^\circ is an interior angle. Given the placement, it's common for the angle at the intersection of the two lines to be an interior angle of the triangle formed by the base.

    Let's assume the 80∘80^\circ is an interior angle of the triangle, and the 30∘30^\circ is an exterior angle to the triangle at the vertex B.
    If 30∘30^\circ is an exterior angle at B, then the interior angle at B is 180∘−30∘=150∘180^\circ - 30^\circ = 150^\circ.
    Then x+150∘+80∘=180∘  ⟹  x=−50∘x + 150^\circ + 80^\circ = 180^\circ \implies x = -50^\circ. This is still not possible.

    Let's assume the 80∘80^\circ is an interior angle of the triangle, and the 30∘30^\circ is also an interior angle of the triangle.
    The sum of angles in a triangle is 180∘180^\circ.

  3. Sum the interior angles of the triangle.

    x∘+80∘+30∘=180∘x^\circ + 80^\circ + 30^\circ = 180^\circ
  4. Simplify and solve for xx.

    x∘+110∘=180∘x^\circ + 110^\circ = 180^\circ x∘=180∘−110∘x^\circ = 180^\circ - 110^\circ x∘=70∘x^\circ = 70^\circ

    This interpretation yields a positive angle and is consistent with typical geometry problems. The way the 30∘30^\circ is drawn, it's at the base, which often implies it's an interior angle.

    The size of angle xx is 70∘\boxed{\text{70}^\circ}.

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