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In trapezoid ABCD, AD || BC, with A = 70^ and C = DC. In figure below, ABFD is trapezum, AC || DG. BEF = 45^ and BFG = 105^. Calculate with reasons the size of the following;

Mathematics

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  1. Answer question 3.1.1.

    In trapezium ABCD, AD || BC, with ∠A=∠D=70∘\angle A = \angle D = 70^\circ and EC = DC.
    3.1.1. ∠CED=70∘\angle CED = 70^\circ
    Since AD || BC, and EC is a transversal, ∠CED\angle CED and ∠ADE\angle ADE are alternate interior angles if AE || DC. However, the diagram shows AD || BC.
    Given ∠D=70∘\angle D = 70^\circ. Since EC = DC, △EDC\triangle EDC is an isosceles triangle.
    Therefore, ∠CED=∠D=70∘\angle CED = \angle D = 70^\circ (angles opposite equal sides).
    Reason: Angles opposite equal sides.

  2. Answer question 3.1.2.

    3.1.2. ∠BCE=70∘\angle BCE = 70^\circ
    Since AD || BC, ∠A\angle A and ∠B\angle B are co-interior angles, so ∠A+∠B=180∘\angle A + \angle B = 180^\circ.
    ∠A=70∘\angle A = 70^\circ, so ∠B=110∘\angle B = 110^\circ.
    Also, ∠D=70∘\angle D = 70^\circ.
    In △EDC\triangle EDC, ∠ECD=180∘−(∠CED+∠D)=180∘−(70∘+70∘)=180∘−140∘=40∘\angle ECD = 180^\circ - (\angle CED + \angle D) = 180^\circ - (70^\circ + 70^\circ) = 180^\circ - 140^\circ = 40^\circ.
    Since AD || BC, ∠ADC\angle ADC and ∠BCD\angle BCD are co-interior angles.
    ∠ADC=∠ADE+∠EDC=70∘+70∘=140∘\angle ADC = \angle ADE + \angle EDC = 70^\circ + 70^\circ = 140^\circ. This is incorrect. ∠D\angle D refers to ∠ADC\angle ADC.
    Given ∠A=70∘\angle A = 70^\circ and ∠D=70∘\angle D = 70^\circ.
    Since AD || BC, ∠D+∠C=180∘\angle D + \angle C = 180^\circ (co-interior angles).
    So, ∠C=180∘−70∘=110∘\angle C = 180^\circ - 70^\circ = 110^\circ.
    ∠C\angle C is ∠BCD\angle BCD.
    We know ∠ECD=40∘\angle ECD = 40^\circ.
    ∠BCE=∠BCD−∠ECD=110∘−40∘=70∘\angle BCE = \angle BCD - \angle ECD = 110^\circ - 40^\circ = 70^\circ.
    Reason: Co-interior angles AD || BC and angles in a triangle.
    Therefore, ∠A=∠BCE=70∘\angle A = \angle BCE = 70^\circ.

  3. Answer question 3.1.3.

    3.1.3. ∠AEC=110∘\angle AEC = 110^\circ
    In trapezium ABCD, AD || BC.
    Consider the line AE as a transversal.
    ∠A=70∘\angle A = 70^\circ.
    ∠AEC\angle AEC and ∠EAD\angle EAD are co-interior angles if AB || EC. This is not given.
    However, ∠AEC\angle AEC is an exterior angle to △EDC\triangle EDC if we extend DE.
    Alternatively, consider quadrilateral ABCE.
    We have ∠A=70∘\angle A = 70^\circ, ∠B=110∘\angle B = 110^\circ (from 3.1.4), ∠BCE=70∘\angle BCE = 70^\circ.
    The sum of angles in a quadrilateral is 360∘360^\circ.
    ∠AEC=360∘−(∠A+∠B+∠BCE)=360∘−(70∘+110∘+70∘)=360∘−250∘=110∘\angle AEC = 360^\circ - (\angle A + \angle B + \angle BCE) = 360^\circ - (70^\circ + 110^\circ + 70^\circ) = 360^\circ - 250^\circ = 110^\circ.
    Reason: Sum of angles in a quadrilateral.

  4. Answer question 3.1.4.

    3.1.4. ∠B=110∘\angle B = 110^\circ
    Since AD || BC, ∠A\angle A and ∠B\angle B are co-interior angles.
    ∠A+∠B=180∘\angle A + \angle B = 180^\circ.
    70∘+∠B=180∘70^\circ + \angle B = 180^\circ.
    ∠B=180∘−70∘=110∘\angle B = 180^\circ - 70^\circ = 110^\circ.
    Reason: Co-interior angles, AD || BC.
    Therefore, ∠B=∠AEC=110∘\angle B = \angle AEC = 110^\circ.

  5. Answer question 3.1.5.

    3.1.5. ABCE is parallelogram
    For ABCE to be a parallelogram, both pairs of opposite sides must be parallel (AB || EC and AE || BC) or one pair of opposite sides parallel and equal (e.g., AE || BC and AE = BC).
    We are given AD || BC. This means AE || BC.
    From the calculations:
    ∠A=70∘\angle A = 70^\circ
    ∠B=110∘\angle B = 110^\circ
    ∠BCE=70∘\angle BCE = 70^\circ
    ∠AEC=110∘\angle AEC = 110^\circ
    Since ∠A=∠BCE=70∘\angle A = \angle BCE = 70^\circ and ∠B=∠AEC=110∘\angle B = \angle AEC = 110^\circ, opposite angles are equal.
    Also, since AE || BC (as AD || BC), and ∠A+∠B=180∘\angle A + \angle B = 180^\circ, ∠A+∠AEC=70∘+110∘=180∘\angle A + \angle AEC = 70^\circ + 110^\circ = 180^\circ.
    This means AB || EC.
    Since both pairs of opposite sides are parallel (AE || BC and AB || EC), ABCE is a parallelogram.
    Reason: Both pairs of opposite sides are parallel (or Opposite angles are equal).

  6. Answer question 3.2.

    3.2. Complete the following statement:
    Sum of the interior angles of the triangles are 180∘\boxed{180^\circ}.

  7. Answer question 3.3.

    In figure below, ABFD is trapezium, AC || DG. ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ and ∠BFG=105∘\angle BFG = 105^\circ.
    Calculate with reasons the size of the following:
    We need to calculate the size of angles labeled 1, 2, 3.
    Since AC || DG, we have parallel lines.
    Angle 1 (at E): ∠ABE\angle ABE and ∠BEF\angle BEF are alternate interior angles if AB || EF. This is not given.
    However, ∠ABE\angle ABE is not labeled as 1. The angle labeled 1 is ∠DEB\angle DEB.
    Angle 1 (at D): ∠ADE\angle ADE.
    Angle 1 (at F): ∠BFC\angle BFC.
    Let's assume the question asks for the angles labeled with numbers in the diagram.

    Angle 1 (at E): This is ∠DEB\angle DEB. Since AC || DG, and BE is a transversal, ∠CBE\angle CBE and ∠BEF\angle BEF are alternate interior angles.
    ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ. So ∠CBE=45∘\angle CBE = 45^\circ.
    The angle labeled 1 at E is ∠DEB\angle DEB. This is not directly related to ∠BEF\angle BEF by parallel lines.
    Let's re-examine the diagram. The arrows indicate AC || DG.
    The angle labeled '1' inside △ABE\triangle ABE is ∠BAE\angle BAE.
    The angle labeled '1' inside △BFG\triangle BFG is ∠FBG\angle FBG.
    The angle labeled '1' at E is ∠DEB\angle DEB.
    The angle labeled '1' at F is ∠BFC\angle BFC.

    Let's assume the question asks for the angles labeled with numbers in the diagram.
    Angle 1 (at E): ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ. This is an angle on a straight line DG.
    The angle labeled '1' at E is ∠DEB\angle DEB.
    Since AC || DG, ∠CAB\angle CAB and ∠ABD\angle ABD are alternate interior angles.
    ∠ABE\angle ABE is labeled as '1'.
    ∠BAE\angle BAE is labeled as '1'.
    ∠FBG\angle FBG is labeled as '1'.
    ∠DEB\angle DEB is labeled as '1'.
    ∠BFC\angle BFC is labeled as '1'.

    Let's assume the question asks for the angles labeled with numbers in the diagram, specifically the angles within the triangles.
    Angle 1 (at A): ∠BAE\angle BAE.
    Angle 2 (at B): ∠ABE\angle ABE.
    Angle 3 (at B): ∠EBC\angle EBC.
    Angle 1 (at E): ∠DEB\angle DEB.
    Angle 2 (at E): ∠BEF\angle BEF. Given as 45∘45^\circ.
    Angle 1 (at F): ∠BFC\angle BFC.
    Angle 2 (at F): ∠BFG\angle BFG. Given as 105∘105^\circ.

    Let's calculate the angles based on the parallel lines AC || DG.
    Angle 1 (at E, ∠DEB\angle DEB):
    ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ. ∠DEB\angle DEB and ∠BEF\angle BEF are angles on a straight line DG.
    So, ∠DEB+∠BEF=180∘\angle DEB + \angle BEF = 180^\circ.
    ∠DEB+45∘=180∘\angle DEB + 45^\circ = 180^\circ.
    ∠DEB=180∘−45∘=135∘\angle DEB = 180^\circ - 45^\circ = 135^\circ.
    Reason: Angles on a straight line.
    So, ∠1\angle 1 (at E) = 135∘\boxed{135^\circ}.

    Angle 1 (at F, ∠BFC\angle BFC):
    ∠BFG=105∘\angle BFG = 105^\circ. ∠BFC\angle BFC and ∠BFG\angle BFG are angles on a straight line DG.
    So, ∠BFC+∠BFG=180∘\angle BFC + \angle BFG = 180^\circ.
    ∠BFC+105∘=180∘\angle BFC + 105^\circ = 180^\circ.
    ∠BFC=180∘−105∘=75∘\angle BFC = 180^\circ - 105^\circ = 75^\circ.
    Reason: Angles on a straight line.
    So, ∠1\angle 1 (at F) = 75∘\boxed{75^\circ}.

    Angle 2 (at B, ∠EBF\angle EBF):
    In △BEF\triangle BEF, we have ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ.
    Since AC || DG, ∠EBF\angle EBF is not directly related to ∠BEF\angle BEF or ∠BFG\angle BFG.
    However, ∠EBF\angle EBF is an angle in △BEF\triangle BEF.
    We need another angle in △BEF\triangle BEF or information about the lines.
    The diagram shows ABFD is a trapezium, which means AB || DF.
    If AB || DF, then ∠ABE\angle ABE and ∠BEF\angle BEF are alternate interior angles.
    So, ∠ABE=∠BEF=45∘\angle ABE = \angle BEF = 45^\circ.
    The angle labeled '2' at B is ∠EBF\angle EBF.
    The angle labeled '2' at E is ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ.
    The angle labeled '2' at F is ∠BFG=105∘\angle BFG = 105^\circ.

    Let's assume the question is asking for the angles labeled 1, 2, 3 in the diagram.
    Angle 1 (at A): ∠BAE\angle BAE.
    Angle 2 (at B): ∠EBF\angle EBF.
    Angle 3 (at B): ∠FBC\angle FBC.

    Given AC || DG.
    ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ.
    ∠BFG=105∘\angle BFG = 105^\circ.

    Consider △BEF\triangle BEF.
    We know ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ.
    We need to find ∠EBF\angle EBF (labeled 2 at B) and ∠BFE\angle BFE.
    Since AC || DG, ∠CBF\angle CBF and ∠BFG\angle BFG are alternate interior angles.
    So, ∠CBF=∠BFG=105∘\angle CBF = \angle BFG = 105^\circ.
    This is the angle labeled '3' at B.
    So, ∠3\angle 3 (at B) = 105∘\boxed{105^\circ}.
    Reason: Alternate interior angles, AC || DG.

    Now, consider △BFG\triangle BFG.
    We have ∠BFG=105∘\angle BFG = 105^\circ.
    The angle labeled '1' at F is ∠BFC\angle BFC. This is 180∘−105∘=75∘180^\circ - 105^\circ = 75^\circ.
    The angle labeled '1' at B is ∠FBG\angle FBG.
    The angle labeled '2' at B is ∠EBF\angle EBF.

    Let's re-evaluate the labels.
    The angle labeled '1' at A is ∠BAE\angle BAE.
    The angle labeled '2' at B is ∠EBF\angle EBF.
    The angle labeled '3' at B is ∠FBC\angle FBC.
    The angle labeled '1' at E is ∠DEB\angle DEB.
    The angle labeled '2' at E is ∠BEF=45∘\angle BEF = 45^\circ.
    The angle labeled '1' at F is ∠BFE\angle BFE.
    The angle labeled '2' at F is ∠BFG=105∘\angle BFG = 105^\circ.

    Let's find ∠BFE\angle BFE (labeled '1' at F).
    ∠BFE\angle BFE and ∠BFG\angle BFG are angles on a straight line.
    ∠BFE+∠BFG=180∘\angle BFE + \angle BFG = 180^\circ.
    ∠BFE+105∘=180∘\angle BFE + 105^\circ = 180^\circ.
    ∠BFE=75∘\angle BFE = 75^\circ.
    Reason: Angles on a straight line.
    So, ∠1\angle 1 (at F) = 75∘\boxed{75^\circ}.

    Now, find ∠EBF\angle EBF (labeled '2' at B).
    In △BEF\triangle BEF, the sum of angles is 180∘180^\circ.
    ∠EBF+∠BEF+∠BFE=180∘\angle EBF + \angle BEF + \angle BFE = 180^\circ.
    ∠EBF+45∘+75∘=180∘\angle EBF + 45^\circ + 75^\circ = 180^\circ.
    ∠EBF+120∘=180∘\angle EBF + 120^\circ = 180^\circ.
    ∠EBF=180∘−120∘=60∘\angle EBF = 180^\circ - 120^\circ = 60^\circ.
    Reason: Sum of angles in a triangle.
    So, ∠2\angle 2 (at B) = 60∘\boxed{60^\circ}.

    Now, find ∠FBC\angle FBC (labeled '3' at B).
    Since AC || DG, ∠FBC\angle FBC and ∠BFG\angle BFG are alternate interior angles.
    ∠FBC=∠BFG=105∘\angle FBC = \angle BFG = 105^\circ.
    Reason: Alternate interior angles, AC || DG.
    So, ∠3\angle 3 (at B) = 105∘\boxed{105^\circ}.

    The question asks to calculate the size of "the following". It doesn't specify which angles. I've calculated all angles labeled with numbers in the diagram.
    Summary of 3.3 angles:
    ∠1\angle 1 (at E, ∠DEB\angle DEB) = 135∘\boxed{135^\circ} (Angles on a straight line)
    ∠1\angle 1 (at F, ∠BFE\angle BFE) = 75∘\boxed{75^\circ} (Angles on a straight line)
    ∠2\angle 2 (at B, ∠EBF\angle EBF) = 60∘\boxed{60^\circ} (Sum of angles in a triangle)
    ∠3\angle 3 (at B, ∠FBC\angle FBC) = 105∘\boxed{105^\circ} (Alternate interior angles, AC || DG)

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