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Which of the following statements about natural numbers is/are true? I. Closed under addition & multiplication. II. Closed under subtraction. III. Every non-empty subset has a least element.
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4 stepsHere's the solution to the question about natural numbers:
Analyze statement I.
Statement I says: "The set of natural numbers is closed under addition and multiplication."
Natural numbers (usually or ) are closed under addition because the sum of any two natural numbers is always a natural number (e.g., ). They are also closed under multiplication because the product of any two natural numbers is always a natural number (e.g., ).
Therefore, statement I is correct.Analyze statement II.
Statement II says: "The set of natural numbers is closed under subtraction."
Closure under subtraction means that if you subtract any natural number from another, the result is always a natural number. This is not true. For example, 2 and 5 are natural numbers, but , which is not a natural number.
Therefore, statement II is incorrect.Analyze statement III.
Statement III says: "Every non-empty subset of natural numbers has a least element."
This is known as the Well-Ordering Principle for natural numbers. Any non-empty collection of natural numbers will always contain a smallest element. For example, in the set , the least element is 5.
Therefore, statement III is correct.Determine the correct option.
Statements I and III are correct, while statement II is incorrect.
Comparing this with the given options:
(A) Only I
(B) I and II
(C) I and III
(D) II and III
The option that includes only I and III is (C).The final answer is
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