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Okello bought a large bucket of ice cream. The bucket is shaped like a frustum with top diameter 48 cm, bottom diameter 14 cm, and height 20 cm. He wants to sell the ice cream in small cylindrical tin

Mathematics

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a) To determine how much money Okello earned, we first calculate the volume of the ice cream bucket, then the volume of one small tin, find out how many tins can be filled, and finally calculate the total earnings.

  1. Calculate the volume of the frustum (ice cream bucket).

    The bucket is a frustum with top diameter 48 cm (radius R=24R = 24 cm), bottom diameter 14 cm (radius r=7r = 7 cm), and height H=20H = 20 cm.
    The volume of a frustum is given by V=13πH(R2+Rr+r2)V = \frac{1}{3}\pi H (R^2 + Rr + r^2).

    Vbucket=13π(20 cm)((24 cm)2+(24 cm)(7 cm)+(7 cm)2)V_{bucket} = \frac{1}{3}\pi (20 \text{ cm}) ((24 \text{ cm})^2 + (24 \text{ cm})(7 \text{ cm}) + (7 \text{ cm})^2) Vbucket=20π3(576+168+49) cm3V_{bucket} = \frac{20\pi}{3} (576 + 168 + 49) \text{ cm}^3 Vbucket=20π3(793) cm3=15860π3 cm3V_{bucket} = \frac{20\pi}{3} (793) \text{ cm}^3 = \frac{15860\pi}{3} \text{ cm}^3
  2. Calculate the volume of one cylindrical tin.

    Each tin is a cylinder with diameter 7 cm (radius rtin=3.5r_{tin} = 3.5 cm) and height htin=5h_{tin} = 5 cm.
    The volume of a cylinder is given by V=πr2hV = \pi r^2 h.

    Vtin=π(3.5 cm)2(5 cm)V_{tin} = \pi (3.5 \text{ cm})^2 (5 \text{ cm}) Vtin=π(12.25)(5) cm3=61.25π cm3V_{tin} = \pi (12.25) (5) \text{ cm}^3 = 61.25\pi \text{ cm}^3
  3. Determine the number of small tins that can be filled.

    The number of tins is the total volume of ice cream divided by the volume of one tin. We take the floor since only full tins are sold.

    N=VbucketVtin=15860π3 cm361.25π cm3N = \frac{V_{bucket}}{V_{tin}} = \frac{\frac{15860\pi}{3} \text{ cm}^3}{61.25\pi \text{ cm}^3} N=158603×61.25=15860183.75≈86.31N = \frac{15860}{3 \times 61.25} = \frac{15860}{183.75} \approx 86.31

    So, 86 full tins can be filled.

  4. Calculate the total money earned.

    Each tin is sold for UGX 2,000.

    Total money=86×UGX 2,000=UGX 172,000\text{Total money} = 86 \times \text{UGX } 2,000 = \text{UGX } 172,000

    Okello earned UGX 172,000.

    b) To determine how close Okello moved towards the tree, we use trigonometry to find his initial and final distances from the tree.

  5. Determine the effective height of the mango tree.

    The height of the tree is 25 m, and Okello's height is 1.5 m. The effective height for the angle of elevation is the height of the mango above Okello's eye level.

    Heff=25 m−1.5 m=23.5 mH_{eff} = 25 \text{ m} - 1.5 \text{ m} = 23.5 \text{ m}
  6. Calculate Okello's initial horizontal distance from the tree.

    The initial angle of elevation is 32∘32^\circ. Let D1D_1 be the initial horizontal distance.

    tan⁡(θ)=oppositeadjacent\tan(\theta) = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}} tan⁡(32∘)=23.5 mD1\tan(32^\circ) = \frac{23.5 \text{ m}}{D_1} D1=23.5 mtan⁡(32∘)≈23.5 m0.62487≈37.607 mD_1 = \frac{23.5 \text{ m}}{\tan(32^\circ)} \approx \frac{23.5 \text{ m}}{0.62487} \approx 37.607 \text{ m}
  7. Calculate Okello's final horizontal distance from the tree.

    The angle of elevation increased by 18∘18^\circ, so the final angle θ2=32∘+18∘=50∘\theta_2 = 32^\circ + 18^\circ = 50^\circ. Let D2D_2 be the final horizontal distance.

    tan⁡(50∘)=23.5 mD2\tan(50^\circ) = \frac{23.5 \text{ m}}{D_2} D2=23.5 mtan⁡(50∘)≈23.5 m1.19175≈19.719 mD_2 = \frac{23.5 \text{ m}}{\tan(50^\circ)} \approx \frac{23.5 \text{ m}}{1.19175} \approx 19.719 \text{ m}
  8. Calculate how close Okello moved towards the tree.

    The distance Okello moved is the difference between the initial and final distances.

    Distance moved=D1−D2≈37.607 m−19.719 m≈17.888 m\text{Distance moved} = D_1 - D_2 \approx 37.607 \text{ m} - 19.719 \text{ m} \approx 17.888 \text{ m}

    Okello moved approximately 17.89 m\boxed{\text{17.89 m}} closer to the tree.

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