Here are the solutions to the problems:
Problem 17: Venn Diagram
a) 18 guests were served with only one meal, find the value of a.
Step 1: Identify the expressions for guests served with only one meal.
From the Venn diagram:
Guests served only Matooke (M) = 7a−4
Guests served only Rice (R) = 5a−2
Step 2: Set up the equation based on the given information.
The total number of guests served with only one meal is 18.
(7a−4)+(5a−2)=18
Step 3: Solve the equation for a.
Combine like terms:
12a−6=18
Add 6 to both sides:
12a=18+6
12a=24
Divide by 12:
a=1224
a=2
The value of a is 2.
b) Find the total number of guests who attended the party.
Step 1: Identify all regions in the Venn diagram.
Guests served only Matooke (M) = 7a−4
Guests served both Matooke and Rice (M and R) = 4a
Guests served only Rice (R) = 5a−2
Guests served neither meal = 3a
Step 2: Substitute the value of a=2 into each expression.
Guests served only M = 7(2)−4=14−4=10
Guests served both M and R = 4(2)=8
Guests served only R = 5(2)−2=10−2=8
Guests served neither meal = 3(2)=6
Step 3: Sum all the values to find the total number of guests.
Total guests = (only M) + (both M and R) + (only R) + (neither)
Total guests = 10+8+8+6
Total guests = 32
The total number of guests who attended the party is 32.
Problem 18: Consecutive Even Numbers
a) The sum of three consecutive even numbers is 12. Find the numbers.
Step 1: Define the three consecutive even numbers.
Let the first even number be x.
The next consecutive even number is x+2.
The third consecutive even number is x+4.
Step 2: Set up the equation based on their sum.
x+(x+2)+(x+4)=12
Step 3: Solve the equation for x.
Combine like terms:
3x+6=12
Subtract 6 from both sides:
3x=12−6
3x=6
Divide by 3:
x=36
x=2
Step 4: Find the three numbers.
First number: x=2
Second number: x+2=2+2=4
Third number: x+4=2+4=6
The three consecutive even numbers are 2,4,6.
(The phrase "if largest numbers is (m-4)" appears to be an unrelated statement or a typo, as it does not fit the context of finding the numbers whose sum is 12.)
b) Work out their range.
Step 1: Identify the largest and smallest numbers.
The numbers are 2, 4, and 6.
Largest number = 6
Smallest number = 2
Step 2: Calculate the range.
Range = Largest number - Smallest number
Range = 6−2
Range = 4
The range of the numbers is 4.