We read your photo as:

Rewrite the expression in terms of sine and cosine.

Mathematics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

b. 13\text{b. } \frac{1}{3}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Rewrite the expression in terms of sine and cosine.

    The given limit is lim⁡x→1/2tan⁡3πxsec⁡πx\lim_{x \to 1/2} \frac{\tan 3\pi x}{\sec \pi x}.
    We know that tan⁡θ=sin⁡θcos⁡θ\tan \theta = \frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta} and sec⁡θ=1cos⁡θ\sec \theta = \frac{1}{\cos \theta}.
    So, the expression becomes:

    tan⁡3πxsec⁡πx=sin⁡3πxcos⁡3πx1cos⁡πx=sin⁡3πx⋅cos⁡πxcos⁡3πx\frac{\tan 3\pi x}{\sec \pi x} = \frac{\frac{\sin 3\pi x}{\cos 3\pi x}}{\frac{1}{\cos \pi x}} = \frac{\sin 3\pi x \cdot \cos \pi x}{\cos 3\pi x}
  2. Evaluate the expression at x=1/2x = 1/2 to check for indeterminate form.

    Substitute x=1/2x = 1/2 into the rewritten expression:
    Numerator: sin⁡(3π⋅12)⋅cos⁡(π⋅12)=sin⁡(3π2)⋅cos⁡(π2)=(−1)⋅(0)=0\sin\left(3\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \cos\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) = \sin\left(\frac{3\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) = (-1) \cdot (0) = 0.
    Denominator: cos⁡(3π⋅12)=cos⁡(3π2)=0\cos\left(3\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) = \cos\left(\frac{3\pi}{2}\right) = 0.
    Since we have the indeterminate form 00\frac{0}{0}, we can apply L'Hôpital's Rule.

  3. Apply L'Hôpital's Rule.

    L'Hôpital's Rule states that if lim⁡x→cf(x)g(x)\lim_{x \to c} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} is of the form 00\frac{0}{0} or ∞∞\frac{\infty}{\infty}, then lim⁡x→cf(x)g(x)=lim⁡x→cf′(x)g′(x)\lim_{x \to c} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = \lim_{x \to c} \frac{f'(x)}{g'(x)}.
    Let f(x)=sin⁡3πx⋅cos⁡πxf(x) = \sin 3\pi x \cdot \cos \pi x and g(x)=cos⁡3πxg(x) = \cos 3\pi x.

    Find the derivative of f(x)f(x) using the product rule (uv)′=u′v+uv′(uv)' = u'v + uv':
    f′(x)=ddx(sin⁡3πx⋅cos⁡πx)f'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(\sin 3\pi x \cdot \cos \pi x)
    f′(x)=(3πcos⁡3πx)(cos⁡πx)+(sin⁡3πx)(−πsin⁡πx)f'(x) = (3\pi \cos 3\pi x)(\cos \pi x) + (\sin 3\pi x)(-\pi \sin \pi x)
    f′(x)=3πcos⁡3πxcos⁡πx−πsin⁡3πxsin⁡πxf'(x) = 3\pi \cos 3\pi x \cos \pi x - \pi \sin 3\pi x \sin \pi x.

    Find the derivative of g(x)g(x):
    g′(x)=ddx(cos⁡3πx)g'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(\cos 3\pi x)
    g′(x)=−3πsin⁡3πxg'(x) = -3\pi \sin 3\pi x.

  4. Evaluate the limit of the derivatives at x=1/2x = 1/2.

    Substitute x=1/2x = 1/2 into f′(x)f'(x):
    f′(12)=3πcos⁡(3π2)cos⁡(π2)−πsin⁡(3π2)sin⁡(π2)f'\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 3\pi \cos\left(\frac{3\pi}{2}\right) \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) - \pi \sin\left(\frac{3\pi}{2}\right) \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)
    f′(12)=3π(0)(0)−π(−1)(1)f'\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 3\pi (0)(0) - \pi (-1)(1)
    f′(12)=0−(−π)=πf'\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 0 - (-\pi) = \pi.

    Substitute x=1/2x = 1/2 into g′(x)g'(x):
    g′(12)=−3πsin⁡(3π2)g'\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = -3\pi \sin\left(\frac{3\pi}{2}\right)
    g′(12)=−3π(−1)=3πg'\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = -3\pi (-1) = 3\pi.

    Now, calculate the limit:

    lim⁡x→1/2f′(x)g′(x)=f′(1/2)g′(1/2)=π3π=13\lim_{x \to 1/2} \frac{f'(x)}{g'(x)} = \frac{f'(1/2)}{g'(1/2)} = \frac{\pi}{3\pi} = \frac{1}{3}

    The value of the limit is 13\frac{1}{3}. This corresponds to option b.

    The final answer is b. 13\text{b. } \frac{1}{3}.

Was this helpful?

Try one yourself

A new problem that tests the same skill.

Still stuck on this one?

Ask a follow-up, and the answer starts from this question.

Got a different question?Ask your own question
Handwritten step-by-step solution preview

Handwritten Step-by-Step Solution

Get this as a handwritten image on WhatsApp — like a tutor wrote it for you.

Try on WhatsApp