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Set up the system of linear equations based on the principle that the total traffic entering an intersection must equal the total traffic leaving it.

Mathematics

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Answer

x1=−100,x2=−275,x3=275,x4=575x_1 = -100, x_2 = -275, x_3 = 275, x_4 = 575

Step-by-step solution

3 steps
  1. Set up the system of linear equations based on the principle that the total traffic entering an intersection must equal the total traffic leaving it.

    • Intersection A: Traffic in: 125+350=475125 + 350 = 475 Traffic out: x1+x4x_1 + x_4 Equation 1: x1+x4=475x_1 + x_4 = 475

    • Intersection B: Traffic in: x1+225x_1 + 225 Traffic out: x2+400x_2 + 400 Equation 2: x1+225=x2+400  ⟹  x1−x2=175x_1 + 225 = x_2 + 400 \implies x_1 - x_2 = 175

    • Intersection C: Traffic in: x2+800x_2 + 800 Traffic out: x3+250x_3 + 250 Equation 3: x2+800=x3+250  ⟹  x2−x3=−550x_2 + 800 = x_3 + 250 \implies x_2 - x_3 = -550

    • Intersection D: Traffic in: x4+300x_4 + 300 Traffic out: x3+600x_3 + 600 Equation 4: x4+300=x3+600  ⟹  x4−x3=300x_4 + 300 = x_3 + 600 \implies x_4 - x_3 = 300

  2. Solve the system of linear equations.

    We have the system:
    \begin{align*} x_1 + x_4 &= 475 \quad &(1) \ x_1 - x_2 &= 175 \quad &(2) \ x_2 - x_3 &= -550 \quad &(3) \ x_4 - x_3 &= 300 \quad &(4)\end{align*}
    From (2), x1=x2+175x_1 = x_2 + 175.
    From (3), x2=x3−550x_2 = x_3 - 550.
    From (4), x4=x3+300x_4 = x_3 + 300.

    Substitute x1x_1 and x4x_4 in terms of x2x_2 and x3x_3 into (1):
    (x2+175)+(x3+300)=475(x_2 + 175) + (x_3 + 300) = 475
    x2+x3+475=475x_2 + x_3 + 475 = 475
    x_2 + x_3 = 0 \quad &(5)

    Now we have a system with x2x_2 and x3x_3:
    \begin{align*} x_2 - x_3 &= -550 \quad &(3) \ x_2 + x_3 &= 0 \quad &(5)\end{align*}
    Add (3) and (5):
    (x2−x3)+(x2+x3)=−550+0(x_2 - x_3) + (x_2 + x_3) = -550 + 0
    2x2=−5502x_2 = -550
    x2=−275x_2 = -275

    Substitute x2=−275x_2 = -275 into (5):
    −275+x3=0-275 + x_3 = 0
    x3=275x_3 = 275

    Substitute x2=−275x_2 = -275 into x1=x2+175x_1 = x_2 + 175:
    x1=−275+175x_1 = -275 + 175
    x1=−100x_1 = -100

    Substitute x3=275x_3 = 275 into x4=x3+300x_4 = x_3 + 300:
    x4=275+300x_4 = 275 + 300
    x4=575x_4 = 575

    The average hourly traffic values are:
    x1=−100x_1 = -100
    x2=−275x_2 = -275
    x3=275x_3 = 275
    x4=575x_4 = 575

    The negative values for x1x_1 and x2x_2 indicate that the actual traffic flow is in the opposite direction to what was initially assumed for those specific segments.

    The values are:
    x1=−100,x2=−275,x3=275,x4=575\boxed{x_1 = -100, x_2 = -275, x_3 = 275, x_4 = 575}

  3. Write down the balanced equation with coefficients $x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4

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