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Prove that opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal. Also, given parallelogram EFGH with angles G = 9x + 12 and F = 15x − 24, calculate the value of x.

Mathematics

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Question 1.1:
To prove that the opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal, we can use congruent triangles.
Consider parallelogram PQRS with diagonal PR.

  1. Identify parallel lines and transversals.

    Since PQRS is a parallelogram, we know that PQ∥SRPQ \parallel SR and PS∥QRPS \parallel QR.
    PR is a transversal for both pairs of parallel lines.

  2. Identify alternate interior angles.

    Because PQ∥SRPQ \parallel SR and PR is a transversal, ∠QPR=∠SRP\angle QPR = \angle SRP (alternate interior angles).
    Because PS∥QRPS \parallel QR and PR is a transversal, ∠SPR=∠QRP\angle SPR = \angle QRP (alternate interior angles).

  3. Prove triangle congruence.

    Consider △PQR\triangle PQR and △RSP\triangle RSP:

    • ∠QPR=∠SRP\angle QPR = \angle SRP (from Step 2)
    • PR=RPPR = RP (common side)
    • ∠QRP=∠SPR\angle QRP = \angle SPR (from Step 2) Therefore, △PQR≅△RSP\triangle PQR \cong \triangle RSP (Angle-Side-Angle congruence criterion).
  4. Conclude equality of opposite sides.

    Since △PQR≅△RSP\triangle PQR \cong \triangle RSP, their corresponding sides are equal:
    PQ=RSPQ = RS
    QR=SPQR = SP
    Thus, the opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal.

    Question 1.2:
    In parallelogram EFGH, G^=9x+12∘\hat{G} = 9x + 12^\circ and F^=15x−24∘\hat{F} = 15x - 24^\circ.

    Question 1.2.1:
    Calculate the value of xx.

  5. Use the property of consecutive angles in a parallelogram.

    Consecutive angles in a parallelogram are supplementary, meaning they add up to 180∘180^\circ.

    G^+F^=180∘\hat{G} + \hat{F} = 180^\circ
  6. Substitute the given expressions for G^\hat{G} and F^\hat{F} and solve for xx.

    (9x+12∘)+(15x−24∘)=180∘(9x + 12^\circ) + (15x - 24^\circ) = 180^\circ 24x−12∘=180∘24x - 12^\circ = 180^\circ 24x=180∘+12∘24x = 180^\circ + 12^\circ 24x=192∘24x = 192^\circ x=19224x = \frac{192}{24} x=8x = \boxed{\text{8}}

    Question 1.2.2:
    Determine the size of E^\hat{E}.

  7. Calculate the measure of G^\hat{G} using the value of xx.

    G^=9x+12∘\hat{G} = 9x + 12^\circ

    Substitute x=8x=8:

    G^=9(8)+12∘\hat{G} = 9(8) + 12^\circ G^=72∘+12∘\hat{G} = 72^\circ + 12^\circ G^=84∘\hat{G} = 84^\circ
  8. Use the property of opposite angles in a parallelogram.

    Opposite angles in a parallelogram are equal. Therefore, E^=G^\hat{E} = \hat{G}.

    E^=84∘\hat{E} = \boxed{\text{84}^\circ}

    Question 2:
    The question provides the vertices of a quadrilateral NTWZ as N (-6;-6), T (3;0), W (x;y) and Z (5;-3). However, the actual question to be solved (e.g., "find x and y if NTWZ is a parallelogram", or "calculate the length of a side") is not visible in the image. Please provide the complete question for Question 2.

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