Okay, I will continue with the modular arithmetic problems, ensuring all math is in LaTeX and following the specified format.
9) Evaluate (3x+6)(3x−2) in mod 9
Step 1: Expand the product.
(3x+6)(3x−2)=(3x)(3x)+(3x)(−2)+(6)(3x)+(6)(−2)
=9x2−6x+18x−12
=9x2+12x−12
Step 2: Reduce the coefficients modulo 9.
9x2≡0x2≡0(mod9)
12x≡3x(mod9)(since12=1×9+3)
−12≡6(mod9)(since−12=−2×9+6or−12+18=6)
Step 3: Substitute the reduced coefficients back into the expression.
9x2+12x−12≡0+3x+6(mod9)
The expression in mod 9 is 3x+6.
10) Evaluate (x2+2x+1)÷(x+1) in mod 5
Step 1: Reduce the coefficients modulo 5.
The coefficients in x2+2x+1 and x+1 are already in their smallest non-negative residues modulo 5.
Step 2: Perform polynomial division modulo 5.
We can recognize that the numerator is a perfect square: x2+2x+1=(x+1)2.
So, the division becomes:
x+1(x+1)2=x+1
Alternatively, using polynomial long division modulo 5:
x + 1
_________
x + 1 | x^2 + 2x + 1
-(x^2 + x)
___________
x + 1
-(x + 1)
_________
0
The quotient is x+1 with a remainder of 0.
The evaluated expression in mod 5 is x+1.