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X is a continuous random variable with probability density function f(x). The f(x) is defined by a curve y = x²; 0 ≤ x ≤1 and a straight line as indicated on the diagram. (i) Find the value of h. (ii) Write down the mode. (iii) Find the lower quartile.
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| Point | x | y |
|---|---|---|
| x-intercept | 0 | 0 |
Step-by-step solution
7 stepsHere's the solution to the problem:
Part i· 4 steps
Find the value of .
Define the probability density function piecewise.
For , .
For , the function is a straight line connecting and .
The equation of this line is .Use the property that the total area under the probability density function must be 1.
This integral can be split into two parts:
Evaluate the integrals.
The first integral:
The second integral represents the area of a triangle with base and height 1:
Solve for .
Multiply by 6 to clear the denominators:
The value of is .
Part ii1
Write down the mode.
The mode is the value of where the probability density function is at its maximum. From the diagram, the maximum value of occurs at .
The mode is .
Part iii0.909
Find the lower quartile.
Define the lower quartile .
The lower quartile is the value such that .
This means .Determine the interval for .
We know that .
Since , the lower quartile must lie in the interval .
In this interval, .Solve for .
Rounding to 3 significant figures, the lower quartile is .
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