This physics problem tests your understanding of fundamental physical laws and their applications. The step-by-step solution below breaks down the problem using relevant equations and physical reasoning.
ScanSolve AI Answer
Step 1: State the Doppler Effect. The Doppler Effect is the apparent change in frequency (and wavelength) of a wave as a result of the relative motion between the source of the wave and the observer. Step 2: Calculate the speed of the car. The formula for the Doppler Effect when the source is moving away from a stationary observer is: f_L = f_S (v)/(v + v_S) where: • f_L is the observed frequency • f_S is the source frequency • v is the speed of sound in air (335 m · s^-1) • v_S is the speed of the source (car) Given that there is a 7% drop in frequency, the observed frequency f_L is 93% of the source frequency f_S: f_L = (1 - 0.07)f_S = 0.93 f_S Substitute this into the Doppler Effect formula: 0.93 f_S = f_S (v)/(v + v_S) Divide both sides by f_S: 0.93 = (v)/(v + v_S) Rearrange the equation to solve for v_S: 0.93 (v + v_S) = v 0.93 v + 0.93 v_S = v 0.93 v_S = v - 0.93 v 0.93 v_S = 0.07 v v_S = (0.07)/(0.93) v Substitute the value of v = 335 m · s^-1: v_S = (0.07)/(0.93) × 335 m · s^-1 v_S ≈ 0.0752688 × 335 m · s^-1 v_S ≈ 25.215 m · s^-1 Rounding to three significant figures: 2.2: 25.2 m·s^-1 Step 3: Answer questions related to the astronomer's observations. 2.3.1 The astronomer observes "missing frequencies" in a line spectrum. This indicates that specific wavelengths of light have been absorbed by elements in the galaxy's atmosphere. 2.3.1: ABSORPTION 2.3.2 The frequencies associated with specific elements are all lower than expected. Lower frequency corresponds to longer wavelength. This shift towards longer wavelengths is known as a redshift. 2.3.2: Redshift 2.3.3 A redshift indicates that the source of light (the distant galaxy) is moving away from the observer. 2.3.3: Away from our Solar system Send me the next one 📸