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A car moves for 2 minutes at a constant velocity of 6 m/s, then accelerates at 1 m/s2 for 6 seconds. Calculate the total displacement of the car.

Physics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

774 m\text{774 m}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

Here's how to find the displacement of the car by calculating the area under its velocity-time graph:

  1. Convert time units and identify the motion phases.

    The car moves for 2 minutes2 \text{ minutes} at constant velocity, and then for 6 seconds6 \text{ seconds} with constant acceleration.
    First, convert 2 minutes2 \text{ minutes} to seconds:

    t1=2 minutes×60 s/minute=120 st_1 = 2 \text{ minutes} \times 60 \text{ s/minute} = 120 \text{ s}

    The total time interval is 120 s+6 s=126 s120 \text{ s} + 6 \text{ s} = 126 \text{ s}.

  2. Calculate the displacement during the constant velocity phase (0 to 120 s).

    During this phase, the velocity is constant at v=6 m s−1v = 6 \text{ m s}^{-1}.
    On a velocity-time graph, this is represented by a horizontal line from t=0t=0 to t=120 st=120 \text{ s} at v=6 m s−1v=6 \text{ m s}^{-1}. The area under this segment is a rectangle.

    s1=velocity×times_1 = \text{velocity} \times \text{time} s1=6 m s−1×120 s=720 ms_1 = 6 \text{ m s}^{-1} \times 120 \text{ s} = 720 \text{ m}
  3. Calculate the displacement during the acceleration phase (120 s to 126 s).

    At the start of this phase (at t=120 st=120 \text{ s}), the initial velocity is u=6 m s−1u = 6 \text{ m s}^{-1}.
    The acceleration is a=1 m s−2a = 1 \text{ m s}^{-2} for t2=6 st_2 = 6 \text{ s}.
    First, calculate the final velocity vv at t=126 st=126 \text{ s}:

    v=u+at2v = u + at_2 v=6 m s−1+(1 m s−2×6 s)v = 6 \text{ m s}^{-1} + (1 \text{ m s}^{-2} \times 6 \text{ s}) v=6 m s−1+6 m s−1=12 m s−1v = 6 \text{ m s}^{-1} + 6 \text{ m s}^{-1} = 12 \text{ m s}^{-1}

    On a velocity-time graph, this phase is represented by a straight line sloping upwards from (120 s,6 m s−1)(120 \text{ s}, 6 \text{ m s}^{-1}) to (126 s,12 m s−1)(126 \text{ s}, 12 \text{ m s}^{-1}). The area under this segment is a trapezium.
    The displacement s2s_2 is the area of this trapezium:

    s2=12(u+v)t2s_2 = \frac{1}{2}(u + v)t_2 s2=12(6 m s−1+12 m s−1)×6 ss_2 = \frac{1}{2}(6 \text{ m s}^{-1} + 12 \text{ m s}^{-1}) \times 6 \text{ s} s2=12(18 m s−1)×6 ss_2 = \frac{1}{2}(18 \text{ m s}^{-1}) \times 6 \text{ s} s2=9 m s−1×6 s=54 ms_2 = 9 \text{ m s}^{-1} \times 6 \text{ s} = 54 \text{ m}
  4. Calculate the total displacement.

    The total displacement is the sum of the displacements from both phases.

    Stotal=s1+s2S_{\text{total}} = s_1 + s_2 Stotal=720 m+54 m=774 mS_{\text{total}} = 720 \text{ m} + 54 \text{ m} = 774 \text{ m}

    The total displacement of the car is 774 m\text{774 m}.

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