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A faulty thermometer reads 1.05°C at the ice point and 106°C at the steam point. What will this thermometer read when the standard thermometer reads -0.5°C?

Physics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

0.525∘C\text{0.525}^\circ C

Step-by-step solution

6 steps

To determine the reading on the faulty thermometer when the standard thermometer measures −0.5∘C-0.5^\circ C, we first establish a linear relationship between the two scales using their fixed points.

  1. Identify the fixed points for both thermometers.

    • Standard Celsius Thermometer (TsT_s):
      • Ice point (Ts,iceT_{s,ice}) = 0∘C0^\circ C
      • Steam point (Ts,steamT_{s,steam}) = 100∘C100^\circ C
    • Faulty Thermometer (TfT_f):
      • Reading at ice point (Tf,iceT_{f,ice}) = 1.05∘C1.05^\circ C (when Ts=0∘CT_s = 0^\circ C)
      • Reading at steam point (Tf,steamT_{f,steam}) = 106∘C106^\circ C (when Ts=100∘CT_s = 100^\circ C)
  2. Set up the conversion formula.

    The relationship between two linear temperature scales can be expressed as:

    Ts−Ts,iceTs,steam−Ts,ice=Tf−Tf,iceTf,steam−Tf,ice\frac{T_s - T_{s,ice}}{T_{s,steam} - T_{s,ice}} = \frac{T_f - T_{f,ice}}{T_{f,steam} - T_{f,ice}}
  3. Substitute the known fixed points into the formula.

    Ts−0100−0=Tf−1.05106−1.05\frac{T_s - 0}{100 - 0} = \frac{T_f - 1.05}{106 - 1.05} Ts100=Tf−1.05104.95\frac{T_s}{100} = \frac{T_f - 1.05}{104.95}
  4. Rearrange the formula to solve for TfT_f.

    Tf−1.05=104.95100×TsT_f - 1.05 = \frac{104.95}{100} \times T_s Tf=(104.95100)Ts+1.05T_f = \left(\frac{104.95}{100}\right) T_s + 1.05 Tf=1.0495Ts+1.05T_f = 1.0495 T_s + 1.05
  5. Substitute the given standard temperature (Ts=−0.5∘CT_s = -0.5^\circ C) into the derived formula.

    Tf=1.0495×(−0.5∘C)+1.05∘CT_f = 1.0495 \times (-0.5^\circ C) + 1.05^\circ C
  6. Calculate the value of TfT_f.

    Tf=−0.52475∘C+1.05∘CT_f = -0.52475^\circ C + 1.05^\circ C Tf=0.52525∘CT_f = 0.52525^\circ C

    Rounding to three decimal places, the temperature on the faulty thermometer is:

    Tf≈0.525∘CT_f \approx 0.525^\circ C

    The temperature measured by the faulty thermometer when the original thermometer measures −0.5∘C-0.5^\circ C will be 0.525∘C\boxed{\text{0.525}^\circ C}.

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