A force exerted on a body can cause a change in either the shape or the motion of the body. State FOUR…

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A force exerted on a body can cause a change in either the shape or the motion of the body. State FOUR effects of force on a body

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Huu hapa ni ufumbuzi wa swali la 11: a) Njia tatu za uhamishaji wa joto ni: Uendeshaji (Conduction): Hii hutokea wakati joto linahamishwa kupitia mgusano wa moja kwa moja kati ya chembechembe za nyenzo, hasa katika yabisi, bila uhamishaji wa nyenzo yenyewe. Mkusanyiko (Convection): Hii ni uhamishaji wa joto kupitia harakati ya maji (vimiminika au gesi). Chembechembe zenye joto huhamia maeneo baridi, zikibeba nishati ya joto. Mionzi (Radiation): Hii ni uhamishaji wa joto kupitia mawimbi ya sumakuumeme, kama vile mwanga wa infrared, na hauhitaji kati yoyote kuhamisha joto. b) Kuamua kiasi cha nishati ya joto inayohitajika kubadilisha 400 g ya barafu, kuanzia −20°C, kuwa mvuke kwenye 120°C. Hatua ya 1: Badilisha masi kutoka gramu kwenda kilogramu. Masi m = 400 g = 0.4 kg Hatua ya 2: Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya barafu kutoka −20°C hadi 0°C. Tumia fomula Q = mcΔ T. Q₁ = (0.4 kg) × (2.1 kJ/(kg°C)) × (0°C − (−20°C)); Q₁ = (0.4 kg) × (2.1 kJ/(kg°C)) × (20°C); Q₁ = 16.8 kJ Hatua ya 3: Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuyeyusha barafu kwenye 0°C (joto fiche la kuyeyuka). Tumia fomula Q = mL_f. Q₂ = (0.4 kg) × (335 kJ/kg); Q₂ = 134 kJ Hatua ya 4: Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya maji kutoka 0°C hadi 100°C. Tumia fomula Q = mcΔ T. Q₃ = (0.4 kg) × (4.2 kJ/(kg°C)) × (100°C − 0°C); Q₃ = (0.4 kg) × (4.2 kJ/(kg°C)) × (100°C); Q₃ = 168 kJ Hatua ya 5: Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kubadilisha maji kuwa mvuke kwenye 100°C (joto fiche la mvuke). Tumia fomula Q = mL_v. Q₄ = (0.4 kg) × (2260 kJ/kg); Q₄ = 904 kJ Hatua ya 6: Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya mvuke kutoka 100°C hadi 120°C. Tumia fomula Q = mcΔ T. Q₅ = (0.4 kg) × (2.01 kJ/(kg°C)) × (120°C − 100°C); Q₅ = (0.4 kg) × (2.01 kJ/(kg°C)) × (20°C); Q₅ = 16.08 kJ Hatua ya 7: Jumlisha kiasi chote cha joto kinachohitajika. Qjumla = Q₁ + Q₂ + Q₃ + Q₄ + Q₅; Qjumla = 16.8 kJ + 134 kJ + 168 kJ + 904 kJ + 16.08 kJ; Qjumla = 1238.88 kJ

A force exerted on a body can cause a change in either the shape or the motion of the body. State FOUR effects of force on a body

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Step-by-step solution

Part a

Part b· 7 steps
$\text{1238.88 kJ}$

Badilisha masi kutoka gramu kwenda kilogramu.

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya barafu kutoka $-20^\circ\text{C}$ hadi $0^\circ\text{C}$ .

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuyeyusha barafu kwenye $0^\circ\text{C}$ (joto fiche la kuyeyuka).

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya maji kutoka $0^\circ\text{C}$ hadi $100^\circ\text{C}$ .

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kubadilisha maji kuwa mvuke kwenye $100^\circ\text{C}$ (joto fiche la mvuke).

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya mvuke kutoka $100^\circ\text{C}$ hadi $120^\circ\text{C}$ .

Jumlisha kiasi chote cha joto kinachohitajika.

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A force exerted on a body can cause a change in either the shape or the motion of the body. State FOUR effects of force on a body

Answer

Step-by-step solution

Part a

Part b· 7 steps1238.88 kJ\text{1238.88 kJ}1238.88 kJ

Badilisha masi kutoka gramu kwenda kilogramu.

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya barafu kutoka −20∘C-20^\circ\text{C}−20∘C hadi 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C.

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuyeyusha barafu kwenye 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C (joto fiche la kuyeyuka).

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya maji kutoka 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C hadi 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C.

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kubadilisha maji kuwa mvuke kwenye 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C (joto fiche la mvuke).

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya mvuke kutoka 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C hadi 120∘C120^\circ\text{C}120∘C.

Jumlisha kiasi chote cha joto kinachohitajika.

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Part b· 7 steps
$\text{1238.88 kJ}$

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya barafu kutoka $-20^\circ\text{C}$ hadi $0^\circ\text{C}$ .

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuyeyusha barafu kwenye $0^\circ\text{C}$ (joto fiche la kuyeyuka).

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya maji kutoka $0^\circ\text{C}$ hadi $100^\circ\text{C}$ .

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kubadilisha maji kuwa mvuke kwenye $100^\circ\text{C}$ (joto fiche la mvuke).

Kokotoa joto linalohitajika kuinua halijoto ya mvuke kutoka $100^\circ\text{C}$ hadi $120^\circ\text{C}$ .