An aircraft takes off from an airstrip at an average speed of 20km/hr on a bearing of 052° for three hours it then changes course and flies on a bearing of 028° at an average speed of 30km/he for another 1½ hour Find it's distance from the starting point The bearing of the aircraft from the airstrip

Physics

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Step-by-step solution

5 steps

Here's how to solve this navigation problem:

1) Find its distance from the starting point

  1. Calculate the distance and North/East components for the first leg.

    The aircraft flies at 20 km/hr for 3 hours on a bearing of 052°.
    Distance (d₁) = Speed × Time
    d₁ = 20 km/hr × 3 hr = 60 km

    North component (y₁) = d₁ × cos(Bearing)
    y₁ = 60 km × cos(52°)
    y₁ ≈ 60 km × 0.6157 = 36.942 km

    East component (x₁) = d₁ × sin(Bearing)
    x₁ = 60 km × sin(52°)
    x₁ ≈ 60 km × 0.7880 = 47.280 km

  2. Calculate the distance and North/East components for the second leg.

    The aircraft flies at 30 km/hr for 1.5 hours on a bearing of 028°.
    Distance (d₂) = Speed × Time
    d₂ = 30 km/hr × 1.5 hr = 45 km

    North component (y₂) = d₂ × cos(Bearing)
    y₂ = 45 km × cos(28°)
    y₂ ≈ 45 km × 0.8829 = 39.7305 km

    East component (x₂) = d₂ × sin(Bearing)
    x₂ = 45 km × sin(28°)
    x₂ ≈ 45 km × 0.4695 = 21.1275 km

  3. Calculate the total North and East displacements from the starting point.

    Total North displacement (Y) = y₁ + y₂
    Y = 36.942 km + 39.7305 km = 76.6725 km

    Total East displacement (X) = x₁ + x₂
    X = 47.280 km + 21.1275 km = 68.4075 km

  4. Calculate the total distance from the starting point using the Pythagorean theorem.

    Distance = √(X² + Y²)
    Distance = √((68.4075 km)² + (76.6725 km)²)
    Distance = √(4679.58 km² + 5878.68 km²)
    Distance = √(10558.26 km²)
    Distance ≈ 102.75 km

    2) The bearing of the aircraft from the airstrip

  5. Calculate the bearing of the aircraft from the airstrip.

    Since both X (East) and Y (North) components are positive, the aircraft is in the North-East quadrant. The bearing is the angle measured clockwise from North.
    Angle (θ) = arctan(East component / North component)
    θ = arctan(X / Y)
    θ = arctan(68.4075 / 76.6725)
    θ = arctan(0.8921)
    θ ≈ 41.72°

    The bearing is written with three digits.
    Bearing = 041.7°

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