This physics problem tests your understanding of fundamental physical laws and their applications. The step-by-step solution below breaks down the problem using relevant equations and physical reasoning.
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20. An imaginary line around which a planet rotates or spins is called: D. Axis The axis is the imaginary line through the center of a planet around which it rotates. An orbit is the path a planet takes around a star. 21. Another name for planet Mars is: B. Red planet Mars is commonly known as the Red Planet due to the presence of iron oxide (rust) on its surface, which gives it a reddish hue. 22. The change of a substance from gas to liquid on the reduction of heat is called: D. Condensation Condensation is the process where a gas changes into a liquid, typically due to a decrease in temperature (reduction of heat). Sublimation is solid to gas, evaporation is liquid to gas, and freezing is liquid to solid. 23. The different components of blue ink can be separated by: C. Chromatography Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures, such as the different colored pigments in ink, based on their differential movement through a stationary phase. 24. Which of the following organisms do not contribute to soil fertility? B. Butterflies Earthworms, bacteria, and termites all play significant roles in breaking down organic matter, aerating the soil, and cycling nutrients, thereby contributing to soil fertility. Butterflies are primarily pollinators and do not directly contribute to soil fertility in the same way. 25. The method used to separate the relative amount of sand, clay and humus in a soil sample is: A. Sedimentation Sedimentation (often part of a process called soil texture analysis or mechanical analysis) is used to separate soil particles like sand, silt, and clay based on their settling rates in water. Humus, being lighter, would also separate. 26. The heat required to raise the temperature of a body through 1^ is: B. Heat capacity Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given mass of a substance by 1^ (or 1 Kelvin). Specific heat capacity refers to the heat required per unit mass. Latent heat refers to the heat absorbed or released during a phase change without a change in temperature. Drop the next question.