Chlorine has two isotopes with atomic mass 35 and x occurring in the ratio 3:1 respectively. The relative atomic (R.M.A) OF CHROLINE IS 35.5. Determine the value of x.

The R.A.M is the weighted average of the isotopic masses.

$$\text{R.A.M} = \frac{(\text{mass of isotope 1} \times \text{abundance of isotope 1}) + (\text{mass of isotope 2} \times \text{abundance of isotope 2})}{\text{total abundance}}$$

Given R.A.M = 35.5, isotope masses are 35 and $x$, and their ratio is 3:1.

$$35.5 = \frac{(35 \times 3) + (x \times 1)}{3 + 1}$$

$$35.5 = \frac{105 + x}{4}$$ $$35.5 \times 4 = 105 + x$$ $$142 = 105 + x$$ $$x = 142 - 105$$ $$x = 37$$

The value of $x$ is $\boxed{\text{37}}$.

3.

a) CFC stands for Chlorofluorocarbon.

b) The problem associated with the depletion of the ozone layer is that it allows more harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun to reach the Earth's surface. This increased UV radiation can cause skin cancer, cataracts, and damage to plant and marine ecosystems.

c) Another environmental problem caused by CFCs is their contribution to global warming as they are potent greenhouse gases.

4.

a) The reaction for the preparation of Nitrogen(I) oxide ($\text{N}_2\text{O}$) by gently heating ammonium nitrate ($\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3$) is:

$$\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3(\text{s}) \xrightarrow{\text{heat}} \text{N}_2\text{O}(\text{g}) + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{g})$$