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Calculate for me shear force calculations and bending moment calculations, then draw for me shear force diagram and bending moment diagram

Physics

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Answer

V(x)=14−3x kNV(x) = 14 - 3x \, \text{kN}

M(x)=−32+14x−1.5x2 kN⋅mM(x) = -32 + 14x - 1.5x^2 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Calculate Reactions at the Fixed Support

    Let the fixed end be point A (left side) and the free end be point B (right side).
    The total length of the beam is L=4 mL = 4 \, \text{m}.
    The uniformly distributed load (UDL) is w=3 kN/mw = 3 \, \text{kN/m}.
    The point load at the free end is P=2 kNP = 2 \, \text{kN}.

    The vertical reaction force RAR_A at the fixed end is the sum of all downward loads:

    RA=wL+PR_A = wL + P RA=(3 kN/m)(4 m)+2 kNR_A = (3 \, \text{kN/m})(4 \, \text{m}) + 2 \, \text{kN} RA=12 kN+2 kNR_A = 12 \, \text{kN} + 2 \, \text{kN} RA=14 kNR_A = 14 \, \text{kN}

    The reaction moment MAM_A at the fixed end is the sum of moments due to all loads about point A:

    MA=(wL)L2+PLM_A = (wL)\frac{L}{2} + PL MA=(3 kN/m⋅4 m)⋅4 m2+2 kN⋅4 mM_A = (3 \, \text{kN/m} \cdot 4 \, \text{m}) \cdot \frac{4 \, \text{m}}{2} + 2 \, \text{kN} \cdot 4 \, \text{m} MA=(12 kN)⋅(2 m)+8 kN⋅mM_A = (12 \, \text{kN}) \cdot (2 \, \text{m}) + 8 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m} MA=24 kN⋅m+8 kN⋅mM_A = 24 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m} + 8 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m} MA=32 kN⋅mM_A = 32 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m}
  2. Shear Force Calculations

    Consider a section at a distance xx from the fixed end (left side). Using the standard sign convention (upward forces positive for shear force when looking at the left part of the section):

    V(x)=RA−wxV(x) = R_A - wx V(x)=14 kN−(3 kN/m)xV(x) = 14 \, \text{kN} - (3 \, \text{kN/m})x

    At the fixed end (x=0x=0):

    V(0)=14−3(0)=14 kNV(0) = 14 - 3(0) = 14 \, \text{kN}

    At the free end (x=4 mx=4 \, \text{m}):

    V(4)=14−3(4)=14−12=2 kNV(4) = 14 - 3(4) = 14 - 12 = 2 \, \text{kN}
  3. Bending Moment Calculations

    Consider a section at a distance xx from the fixed end (left side). Using the standard sign convention (hogging moments are negative):

    M(x)=−MA+RAx−(wx)x2M(x) = -M_A + R_A x - (wx)\frac{x}{2} M(x)=−32 kN⋅m+(14 kN)x−(3 kN/m)x22M(x) = -32 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m} + (14 \, \text{kN})x - \frac{(3 \, \text{kN/m})x^2}{2} M(x)=−32+14x−1.5x2M(x) = -32 + 14x - 1.5x^2

    At the fixed end (x=0x=0):

    M(0)=−32+14(0)−1.5(0)2=−32 kN⋅mM(0) = -32 + 14(0) - 1.5(0)^2 = -32 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m}

    At the free end (x=4 mx=4 \, \text{m}):

    M(4)=−32+14(4)−1.5(4)2M(4) = -32 + 14(4) - 1.5(4)^2 M(4)=−32+56−1.5(16)M(4) = -32 + 56 - 1.5(16) M(4)=−32+56−24M(4) = -32 + 56 - 24 M(4)=0 kN⋅mM(4) = 0 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m}
  4. Shear Force Diagram (SFD)

    The shear force diagram starts at a positive value of 14 kN14 \, \text{kN} at the fixed end (x=0x=0). It decreases linearly along the beam due to the uniformly distributed load. At the free end (x=4 mx=4 \, \text{m}), the shear force is 2 kN2 \, \text{kN}. The entire diagram is above the zero line, indicating positive shear force throughout the beam.
    The equation for the SFD is V(x)=14−3x kNV(x) = \boxed{14 - 3x \, \text{kN}}.

  5. Bending Moment Diagram (BMD)

    The bending moment diagram starts at a negative value of −32 kN⋅m-32 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m} at the fixed end (x=0x=0), which is the maximum (in magnitude) bending moment. It then increases parabolically (becomes less negative) along the beam. At the free end (x=4 mx=4 \, \text{m}), the bending moment is 0 kN⋅m0 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m}. The entire diagram is below the zero line, indicating negative bending moment (hogging) throughout the beam.
    The equation for the BMD is M(x)=−32+14x−1.5x2 kN⋅mM(x) = \boxed{-32 + 14x - 1.5x^2 \, \text{kN} \cdot \text{m}}.

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