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Given an initial force F1 = 2 N and an initial extension x1 = 30 mm.

Physics

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Answer

13 N\frac{1}{3} \, \text{N}

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

This problem can be solved using Hooke's Law, which states that the force applied to an elastic material is directly proportional to its extension, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded. The formula is F=kxF = kx, where FF is the force, kk is the spring constant, and xx is the extension.

  1. Calculate the spring constant (kk) using the initial conditions.

    Given an initial force F1=2 NF_1 = 2 \, \text{N} and an initial extension x1=30 mmx_1 = 30 \, \text{mm}.

    k=F1x1=2 N30 mm=115 N/mmk = \frac{F_1}{x_1} = \frac{2 \, \text{N}}{30 \, \text{mm}} = \frac{1}{15} \, \text{N/mm}
  2. Calculate the total force (F2F_2) required to stretch the material to a total extension of 35 mm35 \, \text{mm}.

    Using the calculated spring constant kk and the new total extension x2=35 mmx_2 = 35 \, \text{mm}:

    F2=kx2=(115 N/mm)×(35 mm)F_2 = kx_2 = \left(\frac{1}{15} \, \text{N/mm}\right) \times (35 \, \text{mm}) F2=3515 N=73 NF_2 = \frac{35}{15} \, \text{N} = \frac{7}{3} \, \text{N}
  3. Calculate the additional force required.

    The additional force is the difference between the total force required for 35 mm35 \, \text{mm} extension and the initial force that caused 30 mm30 \, \text{mm} extension.

    Additional Force=F2−F1=73 N−2 N\text{Additional Force} = F_2 - F_1 = \frac{7}{3} \, \text{N} - 2 \, \text{N} Additional Force=73 N−63 N=13 N\text{Additional Force} = \frac{7}{3} \, \text{N} - \frac{6}{3} \, \text{N} = \frac{1}{3} \, \text{N}

    The additional force required is 13 N\frac{1}{3} \, \text{N}.

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