i) Specific heat capacity of a body is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 Kelvin (or 1 degree Celsius).

b) i) Specific heat capacity of a body is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 Kelvin (or 1 degree Celsius). ii) Step 1: Identify the given values and the principle of heat exchange. Given: Mass of copper ball, m_c = 50 g = 0.050 kg Initial temperature of copper ball (from boiling water), T_c = 100^ Specific heat capacity of copper, c_c = 400 Jkg^-1K^-1 Initial temperature of water, T_w = 23^ Final temperature of mixture, T_f = 62^ Specific heat capacity of water, c_w = 4200 Jkg^-1K^-1 According to the principle of calorimetry, heat lost by the copper ball equals the heat gained by the water. Q_lost by copper = Q_gained by water The formula for heat exchange is Q = mc T. Step 2: Calculate the heat lost by the copper ball. The change in temperature for copper is T_c = T_c - T_f. T_c = 100^ - 62^ = 38^ Q_lost by copper = m_c c_c T_c Q_lost by copper = (0.050 kg) × (400 Jkg^-1K^-1) × (38 K) Q_lost by copper = 760 J Step 3: Calculate the heat gained by the water. The change in temperature for water is T_w = T_f - T_w. T_w = 62^ - 23^ = 39^ Q_gained by water = m_w c_w T_w Q_gained by water = m_w × (4200 Jkg^-1K^-1) × (39 K) Q_gained by water = m_w × 163800 Jkg^-1 Step 4: Equate the heat lost and heat gained to find the mass of water. 760 J = m_w × 163800 Jkg^-1 m_w = 760 J163800 Jkg^-1 m_w ≈ 0.0046398 kg m_w ≈ 4.64 g The mass of water in the container is 4.64 g. What's next?