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Identify apparatus labelled A and B. 6. Give TWO safety measures in conducting this kind of experiment. 7. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between oxalic acid and sodium hydroxide. 8. Use the record of results to calculate the concentration of NaOH.

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5. Identify apparatus labelled A and B.
The image provided does not show any apparatus labelled A and B. Please provide the relevant diagram for this question.

6. Give TWO safety measures in conducting this kind of experiment.
This experiment involves an acid-base titration.

  • Wear safety goggles to protect your eyes from chemical splashes.
  • Wear a lab coat to protect your skin and clothing from chemical spills.

7. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between oxalic acid and sodium hydroxide.
Oxalic acid (H2C2O4\text{H}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4) is a diprotic acid, meaning it reacts with two moles of a strong base like sodium hydroxide (NaOH\text{NaOH}).

  1. Write the unbalanced equation with state symbols.

    H2C2O4(aq)+NaOH (aq)→Na2C2O4(aq)+H2O (l)\text{H}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + \text{NaOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O (l)}

  2. Balance the sodium atoms.

    There are 2 sodium atoms on the right, so place a coefficient of 2 in front of NaOH\text{NaOH}.

    H2C2O4(aq)+2NaOH (aq)→Na2C2O4(aq)+H2O (l)\text{H}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + 2\text{NaOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O (l)}

  3. Balance the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

    There are (2+2)=4(2+2) = 4 hydrogen atoms on the left and 2 on the right. Place a coefficient of 2 in front of H2O\text{H}_2\text{O}.

    H2C2O4(aq)+2NaOH (aq)→Na2C2O4(aq)+2H2O (l)\text{H}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + 2\text{NaOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O (l)}

    All other atoms (carbon and oxygen) are now balanced.

    The balanced chemical equation is:

    H2C2O4(aq)+2NaOH (aq)→Na2C2O4(aq)+2H2O (l)\boxed{\text{H}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + 2\text{NaOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4 \text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O (l)}}

    8. Use the record of results to calculate the concentration of NaOH.
    The "record of results" is not visible in the provided image. Please provide the experimental data for this question.

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