Which of the following topics is covered in the image? (a) Work, Energy and Power (b) Thermal Physics (c)…

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Which of the following topics is covered in the image? (a) Work, Energy and Power (b) Thermal Physics (c) Waves and Sound (d) Optics (e) Electricity (f) Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction (g) Modern Physics

ScanSolve AI Tutor · Accepted Answer

Here are the answers to Question 4 based on the image provided:

Question 4 - THERMAL PHYSICS
- a) Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 Kelvin (or 1 degree Celsius).
- b) To determine the specific heat capacity of a metal block using the electrical method:
  1. Measure the mass ( $m$ ) of the metal block.
  2. Insert an electric heater and a thermometer into the block.
  3. Insulate the block to minimize heat loss.
  4. Record the initial temperature ( $T_1$ ).
  5. Switch on the heater for a measured time ( $t$ ), recording the voltage ( $V$ ) and current ( $I$ ).
  6. Switch off the heater and record the highest temperature ( $T_2$ ) reached.
  7. Calculate heat supplied: $Q_{supplied} = VIt$ .
  8. Calculate heat gained by block: $Q_{gained} = mc(T_2 - T_1)$ .
  9. Equate heat supplied to heat gained ( $VIt = mc(T_2 - T_1)$ ) and solve for $c$ .
- c) Calculate the heat supplied.

Identify the given values.

    Mass $m = 2.0 \text{ kg}$  
    Initial temperature $T_1 = 25^\circ\text{C}$  
    Final temperature $T_2 = 85^\circ\text{C}$  
    Specific heat capacity $c = 900 \text{ J kg}^{-1} \text{ K}^{-1}$  
    Change in temperature $\Delta T = T_2 - T_1 = 85^\circ\text{C} - 25^\circ\text{C} = 60^\circ\text{C} = 60 \text{ K}$.

Use the formula for heat supplied.
$$ Q = mc\Delta T $$

Substitute the values and calculate.

    $$
    Q = (2.0 \text{ kg}) \times (900 \text{ J kg}^{-1} \text{ K}^{-1}) \times (60 \text{ K})
    $$
    $$
    Q = 108000 \text{ J}
    $$
    The heat supplied is $\boxed{\text{108000 J}}$.

*   **d)** **Sea breeze** is a local wind that blows from the sea towards the land during the day. This occurs because land heats up faster than the sea, causing the air above the land to rise and create a low-pressure area. Cooler, denser air from over the sea (a high-pressure area) then flows in to replace the rising air, forming the breeze.

Which of the following topics is covered in the image? (a) Work, Energy and Power (b) Thermal Physics (c) Waves and Sound (d) Optics (e) Electricity (f) Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction (g) Modern Physics

Step-by-step solution

Identify the given values.

Use the formula for heat supplied.

Substitute the values and calculate.

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