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What will happen if the student drops the stone into the water instead of lowering it gently?

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Q2. a) i) Provide the SI units for the following quantities:

  • Power: Watt (W)
  • Amount of substance: Mole (mol)
  • Electric current: Ampere (A)
  • Thermodynamic temperature: Kelvin (K)
  • Time: Second (s)

Q2. a) ii) Distinguish between density and relative density of a substance.

  • Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance, typically measured in kg/m3kg/m^3 or g/cm3g/cm^3. It is an absolute measure of how much matter is packed into a given space.
  • Relative density (or specific gravity) is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance (usually water at 4∘C4^\circ C for liquids and solids, or air for gases). It is a dimensionless quantity, meaning it has no units.

Q2. a) iii) A salt solution is made by dissolving 50g of salt in 250cm³ of water. Calculate the density of the salt in kg/m³.

Assumption: The question asks for the mass concentration of the salt within the volume of water, expressed in density units.

  1. Identify the given values.

    Mass of salt (mm) = 50 g50\,g
    Volume of water (VV) = 250 cm3250\,cm^3

  2. Calculate the mass concentration in g/cm3g/cm^3.

    Concentration=mV\text{Concentration} = \frac{m}{V} Concentration=50 g250 cm3\text{Concentration} = \frac{50\,g}{250\,cm^3} Concentration=0.2 g/cm3\text{Concentration} = 0.2\,g/cm^3

  3. Convert the concentration from g/cm3g/cm^3 to kg/m3kg/m^3.

    We know that 1 kg=1000 g1\,kg = 1000\,g and 1 m=100 cm1\,m = 100\,cm, so 1 m3=(100 cm)3=1,000,000 cm31\,m^3 = (100\,cm)^3 = 1,000,000\,cm^3.

    0.2 gcm3×1 kg1000 g×1,000,000 cm31 m30.2\,\frac{g}{cm^3} \times \frac{1\,kg}{1000\,g} \times \frac{1,000,000\,cm^3}{1\,m^3} 0.2×11000×1,000,000 kgm30.2 \times \frac{1}{1000} \times 1,000,000\,\frac{kg}{m^3} 0.2×1000 kgm30.2 \times 1000\,\frac{kg}{m^3} Concentration=200 kgm3\text{Concentration} = 200\,\frac{kg}{m^3}

    The density of the salt (mass concentration) is 200 kg/m3\boxed{\text{200 kg/m}^3}.

    Q2. a) iv) Give three (3) examples of vector quantities.

    1. Displacement
    2. Velocity
    3. Force

    Q2. b) i) What are isotopes?
    Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers. They exhibit similar chemical properties but may have different physical properties.

    Q2. b) ii) Name the three (3) main particles of an atom with their respective charges.

    1. Proton: Positive charge (+1+1)
    2. Neutron: No charge (neutral, 0)
    3. Electron: Negative charge (−1-1)

    Q2. b) iii) Name the type of bond present in each of the following:
    The substances for this question are not visible in the provided image. Therefore, this question cannot be answered.

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