What are the three states of matter and their properties?

Here's the answer to question 2:

The three states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases.

• Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Their particles are tightly packed and vibrate in fixed positions. An example is ice.
• Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape, taking the shape of their container. Their particles are close together but can move past each other. An example is water.
• Gases have no definite shape and no definite volume, expanding to fill their container. Their particles are far apart and move randomly and rapidly. An example is steam.