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What is the torque of the force F=(2i−3j+4k)N acting at the point r=(3i+2j+3k)m about the origin?

Physics

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Answer

3. 2mg3\text{3. } \frac{2mg}{3}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

The image shows four physics problems. I will solve , as it is the last one visible and complete.

: A uniform cube of side aa and mass mm rests on a rough horizontal table. A horizontal force FF is applied normal to one of the faces at a point that is directly above the centre of the face, at a height 3a4\frac{3a}{4} above the base. The minimum value of FF for which the cube begins to topple about an edge is (assume that cube does not slide).

  1. Identify the conditions for toppling.

    For the cube to begin to topple, the torque due to the applied force FF about the edge must be equal to or greater than the torque due to the weight of the cube about the same edge. The pivot point for toppling will be the edge closest to the applied force FF.

  2. Determine the torques.

    The weight of the cube, mgmg, acts downwards through its center of mass, which is at a height a2\frac{a}{2} from the base and at a distance a2\frac{a}{2} from the edge.
    The torque due to weight about the pivot edge is τmg=mg×a2\tau_{mg} = mg \times \frac{a}{2}.
    The horizontal force FF is applied at a height 3a4\frac{3a}{4} above the base.
    The torque due to the force FF about the pivot edge is τF=F×3a4\tau_F = F \times \frac{3a}{4}.

  3. Set up the equilibrium condition for toppling.

    At the point of toppling, the torque due to FF must overcome the torque due to mgmg.

    τF=τmg\tau_F = \tau_{mg} F×3a4=mg×a2F \times \frac{3a}{4} = mg \times \frac{a}{2}
  4. Solve for FF.

    F=mg×a23a4F = \frac{mg \times \frac{a}{2}}{\frac{3a}{4}} F=mg×a2×43aF = \frac{mg \times a}{2} \times \frac{4}{3a} F=4mg6F = \frac{4mg}{6} F=2mg3F = \frac{2mg}{3}

    The minimum value of FF for which the cube begins to topple is 2mg3\frac{2mg}{3}.

    Comparing this with the given options:

    1. 3mg4\frac{3mg}{4}
    2. 2mg4\frac{2mg}{4}
    3. 2mg3\frac{2mg}{3}
    4. None of the above

    The calculated value matches option 3.

    The final answer is 3. 2mg3\text{3. } \frac{2mg}{3}.

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