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A 19-year-old student presents with a 8-month history of amenorrhoea. She has recently lost significant weight and engages in intense daily exercise. Identify the likely condition, state two causes, e

Biology

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Here are the answers to Question One:

  1. Analyse the possible type of condition.

    The student is 19 years old and has experienced an absence of menstruation for 8 months, implying she has previously menstruated. This indicates secondary amenorrhoea.

    Secondary amenorrhoea\boxed{\text{Secondary amenorrhoea}}

  2. State TWO (2) causes of her condition.

    Based on the provided history, two causes of her condition are:

    • Significant weight loss
    • Intense daily exercise
    1. Significant weight loss\boxed{\text{1. Significant weight loss}} 2. Intense daily exercise\boxed{\text{2. Intense daily exercise}}

  3. Explain the underlying pathophysiology.

    The combination of significant weight loss, intense exercise, and high stress can lead to hypothalamic amenorrhoea. This occurs due to a disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, specifically a reduced pulsatile release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. This, in turn, decreases the secretion of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) from the pituitary, leading to insufficient estrogen production by the ovaries, anovulation, and consequently, the absence of menstruation.

  4. Identify THREE (3) key features from her history that support your diagnosis.

    Three key features from her history that support the diagnosis are:

    • Absence of menstruation for the past 8 months
    • Significant weight loss
    • Intense daily exercise
    1. Absence of menstruation for the past 8 months\boxed{\text{1. Absence of menstruation for the past 8 months}} 2. Significant weight loss\boxed{\text{2. Significant weight loss}} 3. Intense daily exercise\boxed{\text{3. Intense daily exercise}}
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