Explain a genetic cross between two individuals with genotype AS, including gametes, offspring genotypes, genotypic ratio, and phenotypic ratio assuming A is normal and S is sickle cell.

This diagram illustrates a genetic cross between two individuals, both of whom have the genotype AS. This type of diagram is often used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring. Step 1: Identify the parental genotypes and gametes. The diagram shows that both parents contribute gametes with alleles A and S. Therefore, both parents have the genotype AS. Step 2: Determine the possible combinations of alleles in the offspring. The lines connect the gametes from each parent to form the offspring genotypes: A (from parent 1) combines with A (from parent 2) to form AA. A (from parent 1) combines with S (from parent 2) to form AS. S (from parent 1) combines with A (from parent 2) to form AS. S (from parent 1) combines with S (from parent 2) to form SS. Step 3: State the genotypic ratio of the offspring. The resulting genotypes are AA, AS, AS, and SS. The ratio of these genotypes is: 1 AA : 2 AS : 1 SS Step 4: State the phenotypic ratio (assuming A is normal hemoglobin and S is sickle cell hemoglobin). In the context of sickle cell disease: AA individuals have normal hemoglobin. AS individuals have sickle cell trait (they are carriers and usually do not show severe symptoms). SS individuals have sickle cell anemia. Therefore, the phenotypic ratio is: 1 Normal : 2 Sickle Cell Trait : 1 Sickle Cell Anemia The diagram shows a cross between two heterozygous individuals (AS × AS), resulting in offspring with genotypes AA, AS, and SS in a 1:2:1 ratio. The final answer is Genotypic ratio: 1 AA : 2 AS : 1 SS.