Explain Mendelian inheritance using a Punnett square for a monohybrid cross in fruit flies, detailing P, F1, and F2 generations.

Here is the chart showing the cross between pure long (LL) winged Drosophila and pure short (ll) winged Drosophila up to the second filial generation (F2).

Parental (P) Generation:

Trait	Pure Long Winged Drosophila	Pure Short Winged Drosophila
Genotype	LL	ll
Phenotype	Long wings	Short wings
Gametes	L	l

First Filial (F1) Generation:

Cross: LL $\times$ ll

	L	L
l	Ll	Ll
l	Ll	Ll

• Genotype Ratio: All Ll
• Phenotype Ratio: All Long wings

Second Filial (F2) Generation:

Cross: Ll $\times$ Ll (Self-pollination or cross between F1 individuals)

	L	l
L	LL	Ll
l	Ll	ll

• Genotype Ratio: 1 LL : 2 Ll : 1 ll
• Phenotype Ratio: 3 Long wings : 1 Short wings