Describe the procedure, observation, and explanation for testing non-germinating maize seeds for starch using iodine solution.

Here is the procedure, observation/result, and explanation for the starch test using the filtrate from non-germinating maize seeds:

A. Test for Starch

Procedure:

1. Crush five non-germinating maize seeds in a mortar using a pestle.
2. Add approximately 10 ml of distilled water to the crushed maize seeds in the mortar and stir thoroughly.
3. Filter the mixture using a filter funnel and filter paper into a clean test tube or beaker to obtain the maize seed filtrate.
4. Pour about 2 ml of the obtained filtrate into a clean test tube.
5. Add 2-3 drops of iodine solution to the test tube containing the filtrate.
6. Gently shake the test tube and observe any color change.

Observation / Result:

• The maize seed filtrate turns blue-black or dark blue upon the addition of iodine solution.

Explanation of results:

• Iodine solution is a chemical indicator used to detect the presence of starch.
• Non-germinating maize seeds store a significant amount of starch in their endosperm as a primary food reserve.
• When the maize seeds are crushed and filtered, starch granules are released into the filtrate.
• The blue-black color change observed indicates a positive test for starch, confirming its presence in the non-germinating maize seed filtrate.