Q1a(i) Name three groups of micro organisms. (ii) Give one example of each group. (iii) State four ways by which micro organisms can be controlled. Q2 list three human activities that may lead to extinction of Species in an area. Q3 state three adverse effect of extinction of Plant Species on

Here are the answers to Q1, Q2, and Q3:

Q1:

a) (I) Name three groups of microorganisms:

1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Viruses

a) (II) Give one example of each group:

1. Bacteria: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
2. Fungi: Yeast
3. Viruses: Influenza virus

a) (III) State four ways by which microorganisms can be controlled:

1. Sterilization: Using heat (e.g., boiling, autoclaving) or chemicals to kill all microorganisms.
2. Disinfection: Applying chemicals to surfaces to reduce the number of harmful microorganisms.
3. Refrigeration/Freezing: Lowering temperatures to slow down or stop microbial growth.
4. Antibiotics: Medications used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria in living organisms.

Q2: List three human activities that may lead to extinction of species in an area:

1. Habitat destruction: Clearing forests for agriculture, urbanization, or logging destroys natural habitats.
2. Pollution: Contamination of air, water, and soil with toxic substances harms and kills species.
3. Overhunting/Overfishing: Harvesting species at rates faster than they can reproduce leads to population decline and extinction.

Q3: State three adverse effects of extinction of plant species:

1. Loss of biodiversity: Reduces the variety of life forms, weakening ecosystems.
2. Disruption of food chains: Many animals rely on specific plants for food, so plant extinction can lead to the extinction of dependent animal species.
3. Increased soil erosion: Plant roots help hold soil in place; their loss can lead to soil degradation and desertification.