This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the solutions to your questions: 2.a) Distinguish between a strong acid and a weak acid. • A strong acid completely dissociates or ionizes in water, releasing all its hydrogen ions. • A weak acid only partially dissociates or ionizes in water, releasing only some of its hydrogen ions. 2.b) Give the IUPAC name of each of the following compounds. i. H_2CO_3: Carbonic acid ii. KNO_3: Potassium nitrate iii. CH_3COOCH_3: Methyl ethanoate iv. NH_3: Ammonia 2.c) i) Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy. • Renewable energy sources are naturally replenished over a relatively short period, making them inexhaustible. • Non-renewable energy sources are finite and take millions of years to form, meaning they will eventually run out. 2.c) ii) Give one example each. a) Renewable sources of energy: Solar energy b) Non-renewable sources of energy: Coal 3.a) Explain why: i) The tip of needles are made pointed. A pointed tip has a very small surface area. When a force is applied, this small area results in a high pressure, allowing the needle to easily penetrate materials. ii) Wheels of earth moving machines are broad. Broad wheels have a large surface area. This large area distributes the machine's heavy weight over a wider region, reducing the pressure exerted on the ground and preventing the machine from sinking. 3.b) i) Distinguish between a base and an alkali. • A base is a substance that can accept protons (hydrogen ions) or donate a pair of electrons. • An alkali is a base that is soluble in water and produces hydroxide ions (OH^-) when dissolved. 3.b) ii) Name one natural source of each bases: a) Ammonia (NH_3): Decomposition of organic matter (e.g., from bacterial action on nitrogenous waste). b) Potassium hydroxide (KOH): Potassium is found in minerals such as sylvite (KCl) and carnallite (KCl · MgCl_2 · 6H_2O). Pure KOH is primarily an industrial product. c) Calcium oxide (CaO): Produced by heating calcium carbonate (limestone). Send me the next one 📸