This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the solutions to the questions: Question 1: Molecular Formula To find the molecular formula, we follow these steps: Step 1: Convert percentages to grams (assuming a 100 g sample) and then to moles. • For Carbon (C): Moles of C = 59.0\, g12\, g/mol = 4.917\, mol • For Hydrogen (H): Moles of H = 7.15\, g1\, g/mol = 7.150\, mol • For Oxygen (O): Moles of O = 26.20\, g16\, g/mol = 1.638\, mol • For Nitrogen (N): Moles of N = 7.65\, g14\, g/mol = 0.546\, mol Step 2: Divide by the smallest number of moles to find the mole ratio. The smallest number of moles is 0.546\, mol (for N). • For C: (4.917)/(0.546) ≈ 9.00 • For H: (7.150)/(0.546) ≈ 13.09 ≈ 13 • For O: (1.638)/(0.546) ≈ 3.00 • For N: (0.546)/(0.546) = 1.00 Step 3: Write the empirical formula based on these ratios. The empirical formula is C_9H_13O_3N. Step 4: Calculate the empirical formula mass. Empirical formula mass = (9 × 12) + (13 × 1) + (3 × 16) + (1 × 14) = 108 + 13 + 48 + 14 = 183\, g/mol Step 5: Determine the ratio of the molar mass to the empirical formula mass. n = Molar massEmpirical formula mass = 183\, g/mol183\, g/mol = 1 Step 6: Multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by n to get the molecular formula. Since n=1, the molecular formula is the same as the empirical formula. The molecular formula is C_9H_13O_3N. Question 2: Definition of Molecular Formula A chemical formula that shows the actual number and kinds of atoms present in one molecule of a compound is called a molecular formula. The answer is molecular formula. Question 3: Empirical Formula To find the empirical formula from the molecular formula C_8H_10N_4O_2, we need to find the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms. Step 1: Identify the subscripts for each element: C=8, H=10, N=4, O=2. Step 2: Find the greatest common divisor (GCD) of these subscripts. The GCD of 8, 10, 4, and 2 is 2. Step 3: Divide each subscript by the GCD. • For C: 8 ÷ 2 = 4 • For H: 10 ÷ 2 = 5 • For N: 4 ÷ 2 = 2 • For O: 2 ÷ 2 = 1 The empirical formula is C_4H_5N_2O. That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.