This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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An oxide ion (O²⁻) is formed from an oxygen atom (O) through the gain of two electrons. Process: 1. Atomic Structure: An oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 electrons, with the electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁴. 2. Ion Formation: To achieve a stable electron configuration similar to the nearest noble gas (neon), oxygen gains two electrons to fill its outer shell (2p⁶). 3. Resulting Ion: After gaining these two electrons, the oxygen atom becomes an oxide ion (O²⁻) with a negative charge of -2. This process is an example of reduction, where an atom gains electrons to form an anion.