Which acid is found in oranges and lemons? Why is sulfuric acid a strong acid and acetic acid a weak acid? What is the reaction between NaOH and HCl called? Write out the chemical equation. Hydrogen can behave both as a metal and a non-metal. Explain with chemical equations.

Here are the answers to your questions:

2. Which acid is found in oranges and lemons?

• The acid found in oranges and lemons is citric acid.

3. Why is sulfuric acid a strong acid and acetic acid a weak acid?

• Strong acids like sulfuric acid ($\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$) dissociate completely in water, meaning all their hydrogen ions ($\text{H}^+$) are released into the solution.
• Weak acids like acetic acid ($\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}$) only partially dissociate in water, releasing only a small fraction of their hydrogen ions. This results in a lower concentration of $\text{H}^+$ ions compared to a strong acid of the same concentration.

4. What is the reaction between NaOH and HCl called? Write out the chemical equation.

• This reaction is called a neutralization reaction.
• The chemical equation is: $$\text{NaOH(aq)} + \text{HCl(aq)} \longrightarrow \text{NaCl(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$$

5. Hydrogen can behave both as a metal and a non-metal. Explain with chemical equations.

• Hydrogen behaves as a non-metal when it gains an electron to form a hydride ion ($\text{H}^-$), typically reacting with highly reactive metals. $$\text{2Na(s)} + \text{H}_2\text{(g)} \longrightarrow \text{2NaH(s)}$$
• Hydrogen behaves as a metal when it loses an electron to form a hydrogen ion ($\text{H}^+$), typically reacting with non-metals. $$\text{H}_2\text{(g)} + \text{Cl}_2\text{(g)} \longrightarrow \text{2HCl(g)}$$