Complete the table for atom X and ions Y³⁻ and Z²⁺.

Chemistry

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Here's the solution to question 1 from the exam paper.

Question 1:

  1. Complete the table for atom X and ions Y³⁻ and Z²⁺.

    • Atom X:
      • Mass number = 23
      • Protons (A) = Electrons = 11 (for a neutral atom)
      • Neutrons (B) = Mass number - Protons = 23 - 11 = 12
    • Ion Y³⁻:
      • Mass number = 14
      • Neutrons = 7
      • Protons (C) = Mass number - Neutrons = 14 - 7 = 7
      • Electrons (D) = Protons + charge magnitude = 7 + 3 = 10
    • Ion Z²⁺:
      • Protons = 12
      • Neutrons = 12
      • Mass number (E) = Protons + Neutrons = 12 + 12 = 24
      • Electrons (F) = Protons - charge magnitude = 12 - 2 = 10

    The completed values are:

    • A = 11\boxed{11}
    • B = 12\boxed{12}
    • C = 7\boxed{7}
    • D = 10\boxed{10}
    • E = 24\boxed{24}
    • F = 10\boxed{10}
  2. Identify the cation and anion.

    • A cation is a positively charged ion. From the table, Z2+Z^{2+} is a cation.

    • An anion is a negatively charged ion. From the table, Y3−Y^{3-} is an anion.

    • Cation: Z2+\boxed{Z^{2+}}

    • Anion: Y3−\boxed{Y^{3-}}

  3. Write the formula of the compound formed between Z²⁺ and Y³⁻ and identify the bond type.

    • To form a neutral compound, the charges must balance.

      • Z2+Z^{2+} has a charge of +2.
      • Y3−Y^{3-} has a charge of -3.
    • The least common multiple of 2 and 3 is 6.

      • We need three Z2+Z^{2+} ions (3×+2=+63 \times +2 = +6).
      • We need two Y3−Y^{3-} ions (2×−3=−62 \times -3 = -6).
    • The formula of the compound is Z3Y2Z_3Y_2.

    • Since the compound is formed between a metal ion (Z2+Z^{2+}) and a non-metal ion (Y3−Y^{3-}), the bond type is ionic.

    • Formula of the compound: Z3Y2\boxed{Z_3Y_2}

    • Bond type: Ionic bond\boxed{\text{Ionic bond}}

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