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Describe the Contact Process for the industrial manufacture of sulfuric acid, including reactants, reactions, and products.

Chemistry

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  1. Answer part a).

    The raw materials for the industrial manufacture of sulfuric acid (Contact Process) are sulfur and oxygen.
    U: Sulphur\boxed{\textbf{Sulphur}}
    V: Oxygen\boxed{\textbf{Oxygen}}

  2. Answer part b).

    In the combustion chamber, sulfur reacts with oxygen.

    S(s)+O2(g)→SO2(g)\text{S(s)} + \text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{SO}_2\text{(g)}

    The product formed is Sulphur dioxide\boxed{\textbf{Sulphur dioxide}}.

  3. Answer part c) i).

    The reaction taking place in the contact chamber is the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide.

    2SO2(g)+O2(g)⇌2SO3(g)\text{2SO}_2\text{(g)} + \text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightleftharpoons \text{2SO}_3\text{(g)}

  4. Answer part c) ii).

    The catalyst used in the contact chamber for the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide is Vanadium(V) oxide (V2O5)\boxed{\textbf{Vanadium(V) oxide (V}_2\textbf{O}_5\textbf{)}}.

  5. Answer part c) iii).

    In the absorption tower, sulfur trioxide is absorbed in concentrated sulfuric acid to form oleum.

    SO3(g)+H2SO4(l)→H2S2O7(l)\text{SO}_3\text{(g)} + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(l)} \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{S}_2\text{O}_7\text{(l)}

    The compound formed in the absorption tower is Oleum (H2S2O7)\boxed{\textbf{Oleum (H}_2\textbf{S}_2\textbf{O}_7\textbf{)}}.

  6. Answer part d).

    When carbon burns in limited oxygen, it forms carbon monoxide.

    2C(s)+O2(g)→2CO(g)\text{2C(s)} + \text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{2CO(g)}

    The colourless, odourless gas formed is Carbon monoxide (CO)\boxed{\textbf{Carbon monoxide (CO)}}.

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