This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
ScanSolve AI Answer
Haya hapa majibu kwa maswali yako: a) Indicate in the table with a tick (✓) where a reaction occurs and a cross (x) where no reaction occurs. Ili kubaini kama mmenyuko utatokea, tunalinganisha uwezo wa kupunguza wa kawaida (E^) wa metali na ioni ya chuma. Metali itaitikia na ioni ya chuma ikiwa metali hiyo ina uwezo wa kupunguza hasi zaidi (au ni wakala wa kupunguza wenye nguvu zaidi) kuliko chuma kinachoundwa kutoka kwa ioni. Uwezo wa kupunguza wa kawaida uliotolewa: Zn^2+(aq) + 2e^- Zn(s), E^ = -0.76V Pb^2+(aq) + 2e^- Pb(s), E^ = -0.13V Cu^2+(aq) + 2e^- Cu(s), E^ = +0.34V Ag^+(aq) + e^- Ag(s), E^ = +0.80V 1. Metal: Cu, Metal ion: Ag^+(aq) E^(Cu^2+/Cu) = +0.34V E^(Ag^+/Ag) = +0.80V Kwa kuwa E^(Cu^2+/Cu) ni hasi zaidi kuliko E^(Ag^+/Ag), Cu ni wakala wa kupunguza wenye nguvu zaidi kuliko Ag. Hivyo, Cu itapunguza Ag^+. Mmenyuko: ✓ 2. Metal: Zn, Metal ion: Cu^2+(aq) E^(Zn^2+/Zn) = -0.76V E^(Cu^2+/Cu) = +0.34V Kwa kuwa E^(Zn^2+/Zn) ni hasi zaidi kuliko E^(Cu^2+/Cu), Zn ni wakala wa kupunguza wenye nguvu zaidi kuliko Cu. Hivyo, Zn itapunguza Cu^2+. Mmenyuko: ✓ 3. Metal: Ag, Metal ion: Pb^2+(aq) E^(Ag^+/Ag) = +0.80V E^(Pb^2+/Pb) = -0.13V Kwa kuwa E^(Ag^+/Ag) ni chanya zaidi kuliko E^(Pb^2+/Pb), Ag ni wakala wa kupunguza dhaifu kuliko Pb. Hivyo, Ag haitapunguza Pb^2+. Mmenyuko: x 4. Metal: Pb, Metal ion: Zn^2+(aq) E^(Pb^2+/Pb) = -0.13V E^(Zn^2+/Zn) = -0.76V Kwa kuwa E^(Pb^2+/Pb) ni chanya zaidi kuliko E^(Zn^2+/Zn), Pb ni wakala wa kupunguza dhaifu kuliko Zn. Hivyo, Pb haitapunguza Zn^2+. Mmenyuko: x Jedwali lililokamilika: | Metal | Metal ion | Reaction / No reaction | |-------|-----------|------------------------| | Cu | Ag^+(aq) | ✓ | | Zn | Cu^2+(aq) | ✓ | | Ag | Pb^2+(aq) | x | | Pb | Zn^2+(aq) | x | b) Identify the strongest reducing agent. Wakala wa kupunguza wenye nguvu zaidi ni spishi ambayo huoksidishwa kwa urahisi zaidi. Katika suala la uwezo wa kupunguza wa kawaida, spishi iliyo na uwezo wa kupunguza hasi zaidi ndiyo wakala wa kupunguza wenye nguvu zaidi. Kutoka kwenye orodha: Zn^2+/Zn: E^ = -0.76V Pb^2+/Pb: E^ = -0.13V Cu^2+/Cu: E^ = +0.34V Ag^+/Ag: E^ = +0.80V Thamani hasi zaidi ni -0.76V, ambayo inalingana na Zn(s). Wakala wa kupunguza wenye nguvu zaidi ni: Zn(s) c) Draw a well labeled diagram of the electrochemical cell when copper and magnesium half cells are connected. (Kumbuka: Uwezo wa kupunguza wa kawaida kwa Mg^2+/Mg ni E^ = -2.37V.) Kwa kuwa Mg ina uwezo wa kupunguza hasi zaidi kuliko Cu (-2.37V dhidi ya +0.34V), Mg itakuwa anodi (oksidesheni) na Cu itakuwa katodi (upunguzaji). Mchoro wa Seli ya Kielektroniki ya Shaba na Magnesiamu: ` Voltmeter | | V ----------------------------------------------------- | | | | | Anode (Mg) | Cathode (Cu) | (Oxidation) | (Reduction) | | | Mg(s) --> Mg2+(aq) + 2e- | Cu2+(aq) + 2e- --> Cu(s) | | | <--------------------------------------------------| (Electron flow) | | | Mg electrode | Cu electrode | (in MgSO4 solution) | (in CuSO4 solution) | | | ---------------------------------------------------| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ✂️ _That answer was long and got cut off. Reply continue and I'll finish it._