Elements are found in groups and periods. Explain the position of element M in the periodic table and identify it. Also, explain chromatography, including a labelled diagram of a chromatogram and the

Position of M

M is an element in the 3rd period and is an alkaline earth metal (Group 2).
This element is Magnesium (Mg).
Its position in the periodic table grid would be: Period 3, Group 2.

2. (a) Chromatography

(I) Label the baseline (origin)
(II) Show the positions of all the spots after development

• The baseline is the horizontal line at the bottom where spots A, B, C, and D are initially placed.
• After development:
  • Spot A moves to 8 cm.
  • Spot B moves to 3 cm.
  • Spot C moves to 6 cm.
  • Spot D separates into two spots, one at 6 cm and one at 8 cm.

Here is the diagram with the labels and developed spots:

$$\begin{array}{|l|} \hline \text{8 cm} \quad \text{X (A)} \quad \text{X (D)} \\ \text{7 cm} \\ \text{6 cm} \quad \text{X (C)} \quad \text{X (D)} \\ \text{5 cm} \\ \text{4 cm} \\ \text{3 cm} \quad \text{X (B)} \\ \text{2 cm} \\ \text{1 cm} \\ \text{Baseline (Origin)} \quad \text{X (A)} \quad \text{X (B)} \quad \text{X (C)} \quad \text{X (D)} \\ \hline \end{array}$$

(Note: In a real diagram, you would draw the spots at the indicated heights above the baseline.)

Mixture D separated into two spots that moved 6 cm and 8 cm.
Substance A moved 8 cm.
Substance C moved 6 cm.
Therefore, mixture D contains substances A and C.

2. (b) Separation of ammonium chloride and anhydrous calcium chloride