Define the following: (i) Chemical stoichiometry (ii) Molar mass (iii) Molarity (iv) Empirical formula (v) Limiting reagent. (b) Calculate the molar mass of each of the following: (i) KMnO4 (ii) CaCl2

Here are the solutions to the chemistry questions:

1. (a) Define the following:

• (i) Chemical stoichiometry: The study of the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.
• (ii) Molar mass: The mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole ($\text{g/mol}$).
• (iii) Molarity: The concentration of a solute in a solution, expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution ($\text{mol/L}$).
• (iv) Empirical formula: The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
• (v) Limiting reagent: The reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction, thereby limiting the amount of product that can be formed.

1. (b) Calculate the molar mass of each of the following:
Given atomic masses: $\text{K}=39$, $\text{Mn}=55$, $\text{O}=16$, $\text{H}=1$, $\text{Ca}=40$, $\text{Cl}=35.5$, $\text{C}=12$, $\text{Na}=23$, $\text{Fe}=56$, $\text{N}=14$.

• (i) $\text{KMnO}_4$ $$\text{Molar mass} = (1 \times 39) + (1 \times 55) + (4 \times 16) = 39 + 55 + 64 = \boxed{\text{158 g/mol}}$$
• **(ii) $\text{CaCl}_2 \cdot