![State the function of H2SO4 in each of the following reaction equations: (i) MgO + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2O [2014/3] (ii) Cu + conc. H2SO4 -> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O [2014/3]](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fohijasnjvprzodcmxltt.supabase.co%2Fstorage%2Fv1%2Fobject%2Fpublic%2Fwhatsapp-images%2F1780990923500-d1dd3c5e5ceb0e11.png&w=3840&q=75)
This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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THEORY 1: i) In the reaction MgO + H_2SO_4 → MgSO_4 + H_2O, magnesium oxide is a basic oxide, and it reacts with sulfuric acid to form a salt and water. The function of H_2SO_4 is as an acid. ii) In the reaction C + conc. H_2SO_4 → CO_2 + SO_2 + H_2O, concentrated sulfuric acid oxidizes carbon to carbon dioxide and is itself reduced to sulfur dioxide. The function of H_2SO_4 is as an oxidizing agent (and also a dehydrating agent). THEORY 2: Two uses of tetraoxosulphate(VI) acid (H_2SO_4) are: • In the manufacture of fertilizers (e.g., ammonium sulfate). • As an electrolyte in lead-acid batteries. THEORY 3: To plot a graph of the volume of hydrogen liberated against the volume of acid used: Step 1: Identify axes. The volume of 2 mol. per dm^3 HCl used (cm^3) is the independent variable, so it should be plotted on the x-axis. The volume of H_2 evolved in cm^3 is the dependent variable, so it should be plotted on the y-axis. Step 2: Choose appropriate scales. For the x-axis (Volume of HCl), a scale of 1 cm representing 5 cm^3 or 10 cm^3 would be suitable to accommodate values from 5 to 45 cm^3. For the y-axis (Volume of H_2), a scale of 1 cm representing 50 cm^3 or 100 cm^3 would be suitable to accommodate values from 120 to 600 cm^3. Step 3: Plot the data points. Plot each pair of (Volume of HCl, Volume of H_2) from the table as a distinct point on the graph paper. For example, (5, 120), (15, 360), (25, 550), (35, 600), (45, 600). Step 4: Draw the curve of best fit. Draw a smooth curve that passes through or as close as possible to the plotted points. The graph should initially show an increase in hydrogen volume with increasing acid volume, then level off once all the magnesium has reacted. Step 5: Label axes and title. Label the x-axis as "Volume of 2 mol. per dm^3 HCl used (cm^3)" and the y-axis as "Volume of H_2 evolved (cm^3)". Give the graph a suitable title, such as "Graph of Volume of Hydrogen Liberated vs. Volume of Hydrochloric Acid". Send me the next one 📸