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Given that element R consists of two isotopes 40R and yR. A sample of R was found to consists of 90% of 40R. If the relative atomic mass of R is 40.2. Work out the mass number, y in yR.

Chemistry

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Haya Alice, wacha tushughulikie maswali haya ya kemia.

Part f· 2 steps

Ili kupata namba ya masi, yy, tutatumia fomula ya masi ya atomiki ya jamaa, ambayo ni wastani wa masi za isotopu zake, ukizingatia wingi wake.

  1. Andika fomula ya masi ya atomiki ya jamaa.

    Masi ya atomiki ya jamaa (ArAr) huhesabiwa kama:

    Ar=(Masi ya isotopu 1×Wingi wa isotopu 1)+(Masi ya isotopu 2×Wingi wa isotopu 2)100Ar = \frac{(\text{Masi ya isotopu 1} \times \text{Wingi wa isotopu 1}) + (\text{Masi ya isotopu 2} \times \text{Wingi wa isotopu 2})}{100}

  2. Badilisha thamani ulizopewa kwenye fomula na utatue kwa yy.

    Tunajua kuwa Ar=40.2Ar = 40.2, isotopu ya kwanza ni 40^{40}R na wingi wake ni 90%. Isotopu ya pili ni y^{y}R na wingi wake ni 100%−90%=10%100\% - 90\% = 10\%.

    40.2=(40×90)+(y×10)10040.2 = \frac{(40 \times 90) + (y \times 10)}{100} 40.2×100=(40×90)+(y×10)40.2 \times 100 = (40 \times 90) + (y \times 10) 4020=3600+10y4020 = 3600 + 10y 4020−3600=10y4020 - 3600 = 10y 420=10y420 = 10y y=42010y = \frac{420}{10} y=42y = 42

    Namba ya masi, yy, ni 42\boxed{\text{42}}.

Part g· 2 steps

I.
Kloridi za asidi kwa kawaida huwa na viwango vya chini vya kuyeyuka na kuchemka, na huundwa na non-metali. Zina tabia ya hidrolisisi (kugusana na maji) na kutoa asidi. Kutoka kwenye jedwali, NaCl na MgCl2_2 zina viwango vya juu vya kuyeyuka na kuchemka, zikiashiria ni kloridi za ioni na hazina asidi. AlCl3_3, SiCl4_4, PCl5_5, na SCl2_2 zina viwango vya chini vya kuyeyuka na kuchemka, zikiashiria ni kloridi za kovalent na zina asidi.
Tutachagua SiCl4\boxed{\text{SiCl}_4} kama kloridi ya asidi.

II.
Wakati SiCl4_4 inagusana na maji, inafanya hidrolisisi na kutoa asidi ya silisiki na asidi hidrokloriki.

  1. Andika mmenyuko usio na uwiano.

    SiCl4(l)+H2O(l)→H4SiO4(s)+HCl(aq)\text{SiCl}_4\text{(l)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \rightarrow \text{H}_4\text{SiO}_4\text{(s)} + \text{HCl(aq)}

  2. Sawazisha mmenyuko na uweke alama za hali.

    Ili kusawazisha atomi za hidrojeni na klorini, tunahitaji molekuli 4 za H2_2O na molekuli 4 za HCl.

    SiCl4(l)+4H2O(l)→H4SiO4(s)+4HCl(aq)\boxed{\text{SiCl}_4\text{(l)} + 4\text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \rightarrow \text{H}_4\text{SiO}_4\text{(s)} + 4\text{HCl(aq)}}
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