This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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You're on a roll — here are the solutions to the questions: 2 (a) Identify each of the glassware A, B and C. A: Volumetric flask* (or standard flask) B: Measuring cylinder* (or graduated cylinder) C: Beaker* 2 (b) Read and record the volume of the distilled water in B. The water level in the measuring cylinder B is at the 100 cm^3 mark. Volume = 100 cm^3 2 (c) Determine the mass of sodium chloride in C. Step 1: Identify the given values. Volume of solution (V) = 100 cm^3 = 0.1 dm^3 Concentration (C) = 1.0 mol/dm^3 Molar mass of NaCl (M) = 58.5 g/mol Step 2: Calculate the number of moles (n) of NaCl needed. n = C × V n = 1.0 mol/dm^3 × 0.1 dm^3 n = 0.1 mol Step 3: Calculate the mass (m) of NaCl needed. m = n × M m = 0.1 mol × 58.5 g/mol m = 5.85 g 2 (d) Describe how 100 cm^3 of the 1.0 mol dm^-3 solution of sodium chloride is prepared using the materials provided. 1. Weigh out 5.85 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) into beaker C. 2. Add a small amount of distilled water from measuring cylinder B to beaker C and stir with the stirring rod until the NaCl is completely dissolved. 3. Carefully transfer the dissolved NaCl solution from beaker C into the 100 cm^3 volumetric flask A. 4. Rinse beaker C and the stirring rod with small portions of distilled water from B and add the washings to volumetric flask A to ensure all solute is transferred. 5. Add distilled water from B to volumetric flask A until the solution level is close to the calibration mark. 6. Add distilled water drop by drop until the bottom of the meniscus exactly touches the 100 cm^3 mark. 7. Stopper the volumetric flask and invert it several times to ensure the solution is thoroughly mixed. 2 (e) Determine the approximate volume of distilled water that will remain in B after the preparation. Step 1: Identify the initial volume of distilled water in B and the volume of solution to be prepared. Initial volume of distilled water in B = 100 cm^3 (from part b). Volume of solution to be prepared = 100 cm^3. Step 2: Determine the approximate volume of water used. When preparing a solution in a volumetric flask, the volume of the solid solute is considered negligible. Therefore, approximately 100 cm^3 of distilled water will be used to prepare the 100 cm^3 solution. Step 3: Calculate the remaining volume of water in B. Volume remaining in B = Initial volume in B - Volume of water used Volume remaining in B = 100 cm^3 - 100 cm^3 Volume remaining in B = 0 cm^3 What's next?