This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the answers to the questions: a) Identify each of the apparatus A, B, C, D, E and F A: Volumetric flask* B: Measuring cylinder* C: Beaker* D: Wash bottle* E: Filter funnel* F: Stirring rod* b) What is the volume of the distilled water in B? The water level in the measuring cylinder (B) is at the 200 cm³ mark. The volume of distilled water in B is 200 cm^3. c) Describe how 250 cm³ of 1.0 M sodium chloride solution is prepared using the materials above. Step 1: Calculate the mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) needed. Moles of NaCl = Concentration × Volume Moles of NaCl = 1.0 M × (250)/(1000) L = 0.250 mol Mass of NaCl = Moles × Molar mass Mass of NaCl = 0.250 mol × 58.5 g/mol = 14.625 g Step 2: Weigh out 14.625 g of sodium chloride using an electronic balance (not shown). Step 3: Transfer the weighed sodium chloride into a beaker (C). Add a small amount of distilled water from the wash bottle (D) to the beaker and stir with a stirring rod (F) until the sodium chloride completely dissolves. Step 4: Carefully transfer the solution from the beaker into the 250 cm³ volumetric flask (A) using a filter funnel (E). Step 5: Rinse the beaker and the funnel several times with small amounts of distilled water from the wash bottle (D), adding the rinsings to the volumetric flask to ensure all solute is transferred. Step 6: Add distilled water to the volumetric flask until the bottom of the meniscus reaches the 250 cm³ calibration mark. Step 7: Stopper the volumetric flask and invert it several times to ensure the solution is thoroughly mixed. d) Determine the volume of the distilled water that will remain in B after the preparation. Step 1: Identify the initial volume of distilled water in apparatus B. The initial volume of distilled water in B is 200 cm³. Step 2: Consider the total volume of solution to be prepared. The total volume of the sodium chloride solution to be prepared is 250 cm³. This means approximately 250 cm³ of distilled water will be used in total to dissolve the solute and make up the final volume. Step 3: Compare the available water in B with the required water. Since the preparation requires approximately 250 cm³ of distilled water and apparatus B only contains 200 cm³, all the distilled water from B will be used, and additional distilled water will be needed from another source (e.g., the wash bottle D) to reach the final volume. The volume of distilled water that will remain in B is 0 cm^3. Got more? Send 'em!