This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the solutions to the questions: Question 5: The chemical formula for ammonium sulfate. Step 1: Identify the ions involved. The ammonium ion is NH_4^+ and the sulfate ion is SO_4^2-. Step 2: Balance the charges to form a neutral compound. Since ammonium has a +1 charge and sulfate has a -2 charge, two ammonium ions are needed for every one sulfate ion. Step 3: Write the formula. (NH_4)_2SO_4 Comparing this with the options, option B is the correct formula. The final answer is B Question 6: The atom P and Y have the same... Step 1: Analyze the question and options. The question is incomplete, but it asks what two atoms P and Y have in common. This often refers to relationships like isotopes, isobars, or isotones. Step 2: Consider the most common interpretation in chemistry. If P and Y are isotopes (atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons), they must have the same number of protons. The number of protons defines the element. Step 3: Evaluate the options based on this interpretation. • A. Nucleon number (mass number): Same for isobars. • B. Number of electrons: Can be same for isoelectronic species (ions or atoms). • C. Number of neutrons: Same for isotones. • D. Number of protons: Same for isotopes (atoms of the same element). Assuming the question implies P and Y are isotopes or atoms of the same element, they would have the same number of protons. The final answer is D Question 7: Iron (III) phosphate has the formula Fe(PO_4)_x. What is the valency of a phosphate ion? Step 1: Determine the charge of the iron ion. Iron (III) indicates that the iron ion is Fe^3+. Step 2: Determine the charge of the phosphate ion. For a neutral compound, the total positive charge must balance the total negative charge. In Iron(III) phosphate, the formula is FePO_4, meaning x=1. Step 3: Since there is one Fe^3+ ion, the single phosphate ion (PO_4) must have a charge of -3 to balance it. The valency is the magnitude of this charge. The valency of the phosphate ion is 3. The final answer is C Question 8: Which one of the following is not an example of a mineral acid? Step 1: Define mineral acids. Mineral acids (or inorganic acids) are derived from inorganic compounds and typically do not contain carbon (with some exceptions like carbonic acid). Step 2: Evaluate each option: • A. Sulphuric acid (H_2SO_4): A common mineral acid. • B. Nitric acid (HNO_3): A common mineral acid. • C. Hydrochloric acid (HCl): A common mineral acid. • D. Citric acid (C_6H_8O_7): An organic acid found in citrus fruits, characterized by carboxyl groups. Step 3: Identify the acid that is not a mineral acid. Citric acid is an organic acid. The final answer is D Question 9: Which of the following reaction represents the reaction between magnesium and aqueous copper (II) sulphate? Step 1: Identify the reactants and type of reaction. Magnesium (Mg) is a metal, and copper(II) sulfate (CuSO_4) is an aqueous salt solution. This is a single displacement reaction because magnesium is more reactive than copper. Step 2: Predict the products. Magnesium will displace copper from the solution, forming magnesium sulfate and solid copper. The balanced chemical equation is: Mg(s) + CuSO_4(aq) → MgSO_4(aq) + Cu(s) The net ionic equation is: Mg(s) + Cu^2+(aq) → Mg^2+(aq) + Cu(s) Step 3: Compare with the given options. • A. Mg(s) + CuSO_4(aq) → Mg^2+(aq) + Cu(s): This option correctly shows magnesium displacing copper(II) ions. The sulfate ion is a spectator ion and is omitted from the product side, which is consistent with a net ionic representation. • B. Mg^2+ + Cu(s) → Mg(s) + Cu^2+: This is the reverse reaction and would not occur spontaneously. • C. Mg^2+ + SO_4^2- → MgSO_4(aq): This shows the formation of magnesium sulfate from its ions, not the displacement reaction. • D. Mg(s) + SO_4^2-(aq) → MgSO_4(aq): This is incorrect as magnesium reacts with copper ions, not sulfate ions directly in this context. The final answer is A Question 10: Acids are substances that can turn... Step 1: Recall the properties of acids with common indicators. Acids are known to change the color of certain indicators. Step 2: Evaluate the options based on indicator properties: • A. Blue litmus paper red: Acids turn blue litmus paper red. This is a characteristic property of acids. • B. Red litmus paper blue: Bases turn red litmus paper blue. • C. Neutral litmus paper red: Neutral litmus paper is typically purple; acids would turn it red. However, "blue litmus paper red" is the most precise and common statement. • D. Universal indicator blue: Universal indicator turns blue in alkaline (basic) solutions, not acidic ones. In acidic solutions, it turns red, orange, or yellow. The final answer is A Drop the next question! 📸